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nornicotine/tabac commun
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Genetic engineering of Nicotiana tabacum for reduced nornicotine content.
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Nornicotine is an undesirable secondary alkaloid in cultivated tobacco, because it serves as a precursor to N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), a tobacco-specific nitrosamine with suspected carcinogenic properties. Nornicotine is produced through the oxidative N-demethylation of nicotine by a nicotine
Three nicotine demethylase genes mediate nornicotine biosynthesis in Nicotiana tabacum L.: functional characterization of the CYP82E10 gene.
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In most tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants, nornicotine is a relatively minor alkaloid, comprising about 2-5% of the total pyridine alkaloid pool in the mature leaf. Changes in gene expression at an unstable locus, however, can give rise to plants that produce high levels of nornicotine,
Conversion of nicotine to nornicotine in Nicotiana tabacum is mediated by CYP82E4, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase.
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Nornicotine is a secondary tobacco alkaloid that is produced by the N-demethylation of nicotine. Nornicotine production and accumulation in tobacco are undesirable because nornicotine serves as the precursor in the synthesis of the well characterized carcinogen N'-nitrosonornicotine during the
Contribution of Nicotine and Nornicotine toward the Production of N'-Nitrosonornicotine in Air-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum).
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N'-Nitrosonornicotine (6) is a potent and organ-specific carcinogen found in tobacco and tobacco smoke in substantial amounts. Nicotine (1) and nornicotine (2) are proposed to be the precursors of 6 in tobacco. Since 1 can be rapidly demethylated to 2 in tobacco, to distinguish between the direct
RNA interference of the nicotine demethylase gene CYP82E4v1 reduces nornicotine content and enhances Myzus persicae resistance in Nicotiana tabacum L.
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The CYP82E4v1 gene was identified to encode nicotine demethylase, which catalyzed the conversion of nicotine to nornicotine. In this study, we constructed CYP82E4v1-RNAi vector and genetically transformed tobacco variety K326. The determination results of nicotine and nornicotine content via HPLC
Enantioselective demethylation of nicotine as a mechanism for variable nornicotine composition in tobacco leaf.
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Nicotine and its N-demethylation product nornicotine are two important alkaloids in Nicotiana tabacum L. (tobacco). Both nicotine and nornicotine have two stereoisomers that differ from each other at 2'-C position on the pyrrolidine ring. (S)-Nicotine is the predominant form in the tobacco leaf,
Variable nornicotine enantiomeric composition caused by nicotine demethylase CYP82E4 in tobacco leaf.
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Nornicotine is the demethylation product of nicotine and the precursor of tobacco-specific nitrosamine N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). There is an inconsistent enantiomer fraction (EF) of nornicotine reported in the literature. The objective of this study was to
Alkaloid biosynthesis in somatic hybrids of Duboisia leichhardtii F. Muell. and Nicotiana tabacum L.
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Somatic hybrids of Duboisia leichhardtii and Nicotiana tabacum were obtained by electrofusion followed by individual cloning. The hybrid nature of the cloned cells and regenerated shoots was confirmed by cytological investigation and ribosomal-DNA analysis, respectively. The hybrid plantlets
CYP82E4-mediated nicotine to nornicotine conversion in tobacco is regulated by a senescence-specific signaling pathway.
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Nicotine to nornicotine conversion in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is regulated by an unstable converter locus which in its activated state gives rise to a high nornicotine, low nicotine phenotype in the senescing leaves. In plants that carry the high nornicotine trait, nicotine conversion is
Effects of down-regulating ornithine decarboxylase upon putrescine-associated metabolism and growth in Nicotiana tabacum L.
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Transgenic plants of Nicotiana tabacum L. homozygous for an RNAi construct designed to silence ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) had significantly lower concentrations of nicotine and nornicotine, but significantly higher concentrations of anatabine, compared with vector-only controls. Silencing of ODC
Non-functionalization of two CYP82E nicotine N-demethylase genes abolishes nornicotine formation in Nicotiana langsdorffii.
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Nornicotine is formed from nicotine by nicotine N-demethylase, a CYP82E family monooxygenase, and accumulates to high levels in some tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cultivars and many wild Nicotiana species. Nicotiana langsdorffii does not form nornicotine, whereas the closely related species N. alata
Nicotine Biosynthetic Enzyme Activities in Nicotiana tabacum L. Genotypes with Different Alkaloid Levels.
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Young plants of five Nicotiana tabacum L. genotypes were examined for activity of nicotine biosynthetic enzymes. Genotypes near isogenic except at two loci each with two alleles controlling nicotine level were used in a comparison of the four homozygous allelic combinations producing high, high
Molecular genetics of alkaloid biosynthesis in Nicotiana tabacum.
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Alkaloids represent an extensive group of nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites that are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom. The pyridine alkaloids of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) have been the subject of particularly intensive investigation, driven largely due to the widespread
Chemical Responses of Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae) Induced by Vibrational Signals of a Generalist Herbivore.
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Plants are able to sense their environment and respond appropriately to different stimuli. Vibrational signals (VS) are one of the most widespread yet understudied ways of communication between organisms. Recent research into the perception of VS by plants showed that they are ecologically
Validation of a GC-FID method for rapid quantification of nicotine in fermented extracts prepared from Nicotiana tabacum fresh leaves and studies of nicotine metabolites.
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A new GC-FID method, which allows rapid and reliable quantitation of nicotine in tobacco leaf extracts, was developed and validated. To avoid nicotine adsorption on the column, an amine-deactivated capillary column was used. The method developed was applied to study the degradation of nicotine in a
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