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BACKGROUND
A syndrome of lipodystrophy, characterized by fat redistribution and insulin resistance, has been estimated to affect the majority of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals who are treated with combination antiretroviral therapy. There are no proven therapies for the
Mesenteric lipodystrophy (ML) is a rare condition characterized by a nonspecific inflammatory process that involves the root of the mesentery in a lipoma-like lesion. Presenting features of ML include abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. This case illustrates
Aspartyl protease inhibitors (APIs) effectively extend the length and quality of life in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, but dose-limiting side effects such as lipodystrophy, insulin resistance, and diarrhea have limited their clinical utility. Here, we show that the API
OBJECTIVE
Hepatic steatosis is a common complication in patients with lipodystrophies and can lead to cirrhosis. There is no proven effective therapy for hepatic steatosis, but cholic acid (CA), a farnesoid X receptor agonist, has previously been shown to reduce hepatic triglyceride (TG) content in
Anti-retroviral therapy has still many difficulties for the continuous viral suppression, although it has markedly improved the prognosis of the patients with HIV/AIDS. It is essential that anti-retroviral therapy requires strict adherence of the patients. More than 95% of adherence to have medicine
Quality of life in relation to health is a consequence of disease and treatment on the patient's perception of his ability to have a full and useful life. Due to its nature, the quality of life is a multidimensional and subjective construct, based on the patient's experience. We operationalized the
Chronic diarrheal illness and malabsorption are challenging diagnostic and clinical problems. The identification of the causative pathogens that are involved in gastrointestinal infections is often difficult. It took 85 years after the first description of a case of intestinal lipodystrophy by Georg
Whipple's disease (WD) is a rare systemic infectious disorder caused by the actinomycete Tropheryma whipplei. This chronic disease, first described by Whipple as 'intestinal lipodystrophy', affects preferentially middle-aged white men who may present with weight loss, diarrhea, abdominal pain and
Recommendations for a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in either pretreated patients or symptomatic patients with an AIDS-defining event are based on a combination of three or more agents from different antiretroviral classes including two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with
The use of highly active effective antiretroviral therapies (ART) has dramatically decreased the morbidity and mortality of the HIV infection. Over 20 anti-retroviral substances are available in four different classes. Side effects of HIV therapy are common and may influence the prognosis, as the
BACKGROUND
Plasma citrulline is a biomarker of enterocyte mass and function in humans.
OBJECTIVE
We evaluated citrulline in the reemerging context of diarrhea in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.
METHODS
This study prospectively measured citrulline in 6 groups of
The disease is named after George H. Whipple who, in 1907, was the first to describe an intestinal "lipodystrophy". Although Whipple's disease is generally recognized as a multisystem chronic granulomatous disease, primarily involving the digestive system, it can also appear as a primary
L-Carnitine (LC) and acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) play major roles in cell energy and lipid metabolism. Supplementation with these nutrients, which are highly popular in USA, has been associated with favorable effects, including anti-oxidant action, neuro- and cardioprotection, immunomodulation, and
Weak hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for the development of atherothrombotic vascular complication. Their plasma levels are affected by nutritional and pharmacologic factors, tobacco, certain metabolic state and gender. In HIV+ patients, the wasting syndrome or chronic diarrheas could affect