Placebo packet will be given at a dose of one sachet thrice daily for 24 weeks; Placebo packet contain all excipients as present in packets (without the 3 strains of bacteria as mentioned above).

Probiotic formulation will be given at a dose of one packet thrice daily for 24 weeks, amounting to a total of 300 billion colony forming units(CFU)/day. Each packet contains 100 billion viable lyophilized bacteria of three strains of Lactobacillus viz Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis LL358 (BCRC910699)、Lactobacillus salivarius LS159 (BCRC910700) and Lactobacillus pentosus and excipients.

End Stage Renal Disease

Probiotic packet

Placebo

Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbour Hospital

Evaluation Of The Efficacy of a Strain-Specific Probiotic Formulation in Hemodialysis Patients

Evaluation of the Effects of a Probiotic Formulation in Hemodialysis Patients

Plasma triglycerides are measured by enzymatic methods. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is measured in the supernatant after sodium phosphotungstate/magnesium chloride precipitation.

All uremic toxins are measured by a high performance liquid chromatography method and fluorescence detection method.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level is measured by an immunoenzymatic method, and C reactive protein (CRP) levels is measured by an immunonephelometric method.

LBP and sCD14 are measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36)

Assessment with Subjective Global Assesment(SGA) and Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)

Questionnaire is used to assess the tolerability of the probiotic supplementation. Questionnaire includes questions on frequency and severity of flatulence and bloating, occurrence of diarrhea, frequency of defecation, and texture of feces using a stool chart.

aristolochic acid/upala

Evaluation Of The Efficacy of a Strain-Specific Probiotic Formulation in Hemodialysis Patients

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