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The vitamine doctrine: Although diseases resulting from vitamin deficiencies have been known for millennia, such disorders were generally attributed to toxic or infectious causes until the "vitamin doctrine" was developed in the early 20th century. In the late-19th century, a physiologically
In the intermediate area of the chicken stomach with A-avitaminosis the amount of the secretion increases and its chemical composition changes sharply: the content of water, lipids, hexolamines and suphates lowers. By means of 14-C-acetate, 35S-methionine and 35S-sulphate it is established that
A 52-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of appetite loss, unsteadiness, psychogenic symptoms, ataxia, and consciousness disturbance as a result of the ingestion of a diet restricted to only carbohydrates for a long term. Laboratory examination indicated the presence of pancytopenia
This historical review addresses major neurological disorders associated with deficiencies of water-soluble B vitamins: beriberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, pellagra, neural tube defects, and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. Beriberi: Beriberi was known for millennia in Asia, but
It was demonstrated that the development of experimental avitaminosis A in chicks led to secondary zinc deficiency. The balance of Zn in the chick became negative, while the Zn content of various tissues decreased. Thus in vitamin-A-deficient chicks the serum Zn content was 1258 (SD 26.3)
BACKGROUND
Parents are most responsible for nutritional education of children, and pediatricians must advise and help them with their doubts. The purpose of this study was to know the relevance of nutritional topics in daily practice and the main nutritional problems perceived by pediatricians in
Dysbiotic conditions prevail in both humans and animals. Intestinal dysbiosis is accompanied, in addition to the quantitative and qualitative changes of the microflora, by immunosuppression and metabolic disorders, such as avitaminosis А. Therefore, the search and study of microorganism strains,
Nutritional assessment reveals the nutritional status of a patient. It thereby helps identify each patient's need for specific nutritional care and facilitates early intervention. Generally, the common nutrition and nutrition-related problems in hospitalised paediatric patients are: protein energy
A reduction in fat intake may be achieved by making educated choices to reduce total calorie intake, to consume a lower quantity of total fats, or to modify the ratio of saturated-to-polyunsaturated lipids. Leptin agonists or NPY or CCK antagonists may prove to be useful to diminish appetite and
A retrospective study was undertaken to determine with what frequency one of the 12 standard enteral formulations routinely used by the Metabolic Support Service could not be used without modification. Forty-three percent of the 83 patients studied required modification of one or more of the 5
In six villages in the Kathmandu valley of Nepal, an intensive health and nutrition study was conducted on 26 lactating women and their 2--6-month-old infants. Analysis of 24-h duplicate diet composites indicated that the mothers were consuming approximately 2100 kcal energy/d. The diets contained
The energy expenditures in the nonproductive period in the women-workers of the boot and shoe industry (group I) and the sewing industry (group II) were almost similar: in group I it was on an average 1372 +/- 35.4 kcal, in group II--1384 +/- 27.6 kcal. In the productive period the energy
The basic scientific achievements of the Department of Biochemistry of Muscles organized at the Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR in 1944 are presented in this short historical overview. The basic guidelines for activities in the scientific field are as follows: study of biochemical processes in