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Ginkgolide BN 52021 protects against hemorrhagic shock-induced renal injury in rats.

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Degree of renal damage in experimental untreated and treated hemorrhagic shock was estimated in light microscopy. Histological preparations were scored with a semiquantitative scale concerning the changes which are typical for the acute renal failure. It was found that an early treatment with the

Inhibition of platelet activating factor (PAF)-induced aggregation of human thrombocytes by ginkgolides: considerations on possible bleeding complications after oral intake of Ginkgo biloba extracts.

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The special Ginkgo biloba leaf extract EGb 761 is marketed for more then two decades. During this time its therapeutic efficacy and favorable safety profile have been proven in numerous clinical trails as well as by postmarketing surveillance in accordance with German drug regulations. During recent

Ginkgolide B reduces neuronal cell apoptosis in the hemorrhagic rat brain: possible involvement of Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B pathway.

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BACKGROUND Ginkgolide B (GB) is one of the ginkgolides that have been isolated from leaves and root bark of the Chinese tree Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae), and is a specific and potent antagonist of platelet activating factor. There is a large body of data showing that GB possesses a markedly

Effect of ginkgolide B on brain metabolism and tissue oxygenation in severe haemorrhagic stroke.

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Ginkgolide B, a diterpene, is an herbal constituent isolated from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba tree. The present study demonstrates the effect of ginkgolide B in osmotherapy on brain metabolism and tissue oxygenation. Multimodality monitoring including intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion

BN52021 inhibits activation of peritoneal mast cells caused by hemorrhage and blood volume restoration.

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An extensive blood loss activates generalized inflammatory response. Abdominal organs and especially intestines are very sensitive to the ischemia-reperfusion insults due to hemorrhagic shock (HS) and blood volume restoration. Previously obtained results suggest that studies on peritoneal lavage

Neuroprotective Effects of Ginkgolide B Against Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Current Literature.

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Extensive evidences has shown the promising effects of Ginkgo biloba consumption on several diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and ischemic stroke, etc. Several studies also have reported its beneficial role on motor activity and cognitive functions. This species contain a unique

Acute subdural hematoma: new model delineation and effects of coagulation inhibitors.

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OBJECTIVE To develop a highly reproducible rat model and behavioral tests for acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and to investigate the role of intravascular coagulation and thrombin in the pathogenesis of brain injury in this model. METHODS A new method was implemented to inject 200 microl of

Protein-ligand interaction studies of retinol-binding protein 3 with herbal molecules using AutoDock for the management of Eales' disease.

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Eales' disease is an idiopathic retinal vasculitis of the eye. The disease is predominantly characterized by recurrent vitreous hemorrhage. Interphotoreceptor retinol-binding protein 3 plays a significant role in the etiopathogenesis of this condition. It transports retinoids between the retinal

Isolation and pharmacological effects of leptoxin, a novel proteic toxin from Leptodactylus pentadactylus skin secretion.

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The in vivo and in vitro pharmacological effects of leptoxin, one of the most lethal protein toxins known at present date (LD(50) 0.5+/-0.03 microg/kg i.v., mice) isolated from Leptodactylus pentadactylus skin secretion, were studied. In rats, leptoxin (1.0 microg/kg, i.v.) induced cardiorespiratory

Ginkgo biloba extract attenuates warfarin-mediated anticoagulation through induction of hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes by bilobalide in mice.

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Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) is a popular herbal ingredient used worldwide, but it is reported to induce bleeding as a serious adverse event. In this study we examined whether GBE induced spontaneous bleeding or accelerated warfarin anticoagulation via herb-drug interaction. Mice were given GBE or

Possible subdural hematoma associated with Ginkgo biloba.

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A 78-year-old Caucasian man developed headache, confusion and progressive right-sided weakness following a fall resulting in ecchymosis over the left eye orbit five days prior to admission. A subdural hematoma was diagnosed upon CAT scan. Upon evacuation, a very large left frontoparietal subdural

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the PAF-antagonist (BN 52021) reduce small intestinal damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion.

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Oxygenated free-radicals appear to play a prominent role in mediating damage associated with gastrointestinal diseases. Production of reactive oxygen metabolites in ischemia-reperfusion involves oxidases found in resident phagocytic cells and microvascular and mucosal epithelial cells. Platelet

EGb 761: ginkgo biloba extract, Ginkor.

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EGb 761 [Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761, Rökan, Tanakan, Tebonin] is a standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves and has antioxidant properties as a free radical scavenger. A standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves is a well defined product and contains approximately 24% flavone glycosides

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