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Pharmaceutical interventions facilitate premedication and prevent opioid-induced constipation and emesis in cancer patients.

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BACKGROUND Opioid analgesics possess a number of side effects, among which constipation and nausea/vomiting occur most frequently. Although pretreatment with laxatives and antiemetics for the prophylaxis of opioid-induced constipation and nausea/vomiting, respectively, is recommended, such side

Effect of the laxative magnesium oxide on gastrointestinal functional recovery in fast-track colonic resection: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study.

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OBJECTIVE A double-blind randomized controlled study was conducted to compare the effect of magnesium oxide (1 g 12-h) with placebo given within an evidence-based multimodal rehabilitation programme on gastrointestinal recovery, pain, mobilization and hospital stay after open colonic

Oral magnesium oxide prophylaxis of frequent migrainous headache in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

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OBJECTIVE To assess whether, in children, oral magnesium oxide reduces migrainous headache frequency, severity, and associated features compared to placebo. BACKGROUND There is no single, safe, widely well-tolerated, and effective prophylactic treatment for all children and adolescents with frequent

Prevention of irinotecan (CPT-11)-induced diarrhea by oral alkalization combined with control of defecation in cancer patients.

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It has been reported that 7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxy-camptothecin (CPT-11) and its active metabolite, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38), have absorption characteristics of weakly basic drugs, suggesting that alkalization of the intestinal lumen might reduce

Oral magnesium supplementation reduces the incidence of gastrointestinal complications following cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

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Gastrointestinal complications are common after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. These complications are ranged from nausea and vomiting to mesenteric ischemia and liver failure. It seems that nausea, vomiting, and constipation are related to magnesium deficiency. This study was designed to

A multi-institutional study analyzing effect of prophylactic medication for prevention of opioid-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction.

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OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic treatment with laxatives and antiemetics on the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions such as constipation, nausea and vomiting in cancer patients who received oral opioid analgesics for the first

Effect of laxatives on gastrointestinal functional recovery in fast-track hysterectomy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study.

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OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of early oral bowel stimulation with osmotic laxatives on gastrointestinal function, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and pain in patients who undergo fast-track abdominal hysterectomy. METHODS This was a double-blind,

Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a ready-to-drink bowel preparation: subanalysis by age from a phase III, assessor-blinded study.

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Background

The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) increase with age and, therefore, it is recommended that adults undergo regular CRC screening, ideally by colonoscopy, with some new guidelines recommending screening begin at 45 years. Effective bowel preparation

Hypomagnesemia with Hypercalciuria Leading to Nephrocalcinosis, Amelogenesis Imperfecta, and Short Stature in a Child Carrying a Homozygous Deletion in the CLDN16 Gene

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Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the CLDN16 or CLDN19 gene; however, few cases develop classical amelogenesis imperfecta. Herein, we report the case of a boy with early clinical renal manifestations

[A case-control study of prevention of irinotecan-induced diarrhea: the reducing side effects of irinotecan by oral alkalization combined with control of defecation].

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Irinotecan and its active metabolite, SN-38, were reported to have the absorption characteristics of weakly basic drugs. Moreover, stasis of these compounds is thought to induce damage to the intestinal mucous membrane. The purpose of this report was to examine whether oral alkalization (OA)

Gitelman syndrome combined with complete growth hormone deficiency.

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Gitelman syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary salt-losing tubulopathy, that manifests as hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalciuria. It is caused by mutations in the solute carrier family 12(sodium/chloride transporters), member 3 (SLC12A3) gene encoding the

Efficacy and safety of a ready-to-drink bowel preparation for colonoscopy: a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial.

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We performed a randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded, multicenter, non-inferiority (NI) study to compare the safety and efficacy of a ready-to-drink formulation of sodium picosulfate, magnesium oxide, and citric acid (SPMC oral solution) with a powder formulation (P/MC powder) for

Fatal hypermagnesemia induced by preoperative colon preparation in an elderly woman: report of a case.

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An 85-year-old woman with rectal carcinoma was referred to our hospital for surgical treatment. She had a history of constipation treated with oral magnesium oxide. She received 34 g of magnesium citrate (Magcolol P(®)) orally for 2 days as a mechanical bowel preparation prior to the operation. Just

Wernicke's encephalopathy-induced hearing loss complicating sleeve gastrectomy

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A 25-year-old woman brought to the hospital with symptoms of acute confusion, disorientation, diplopia, hearing loss and unsteady gait which started 4 days prior to her presentation with rapid worsening in its course until the day of admission. She had a surgical history of laparoscopic sleeve

Gitelman syndrome.

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Gitelman syndrome (GS), also referred to as familial hypokalemia-hypomagnesemia, is characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis in combination with significant hypomagnesemia and low urinary calcium excretion. The prevalence is estimated at approximately 1:40,000 and accordingly, the prevalence

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