BACKGROUND
Lotus plumule, the dried young cotyledon and radicle of the Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (Fam. Nymphaeaceae) ripe seed, is a famous Traditional Chinese Medicine to remove heat from the heart, anchor the mind, improve seminal emission, and arrest bleeding for centuries in China. Liensinine and
OBJECTIVE
Nelumbo leaves have been used in traditional medicine to treat bleeding, gastritis, hemorrhoids, and halitosis. However, their mechanisms have not been elucidated.
METHODS
The present study prepared two Nelumbo leaf extracts (NLEs) using water or 50% ethanol. Inflammatory response was