betaine/atrophy

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Smoking, dietary betaine, methionine, and vitamin D in monozygotic twins with discordant macular degeneration: epigenetic implications.

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OBJECTIVE We evaluated monozygotic twin pairs with discordant age-related macular degeneration (AMD) phenotypes to assess differences in behavioral and nutritional factors. METHODS Case series. METHODS Caucasian male twin pairs from the United States Twin Study of Macular Degeneration. METHODS Twin

Betaine and methionine on renal hemorrhagic degeneration in rats receiving 2-amino-2-methyl propanol-1.

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Cloning and characterization of the Halobacillus trueperi betH gene, encoding the transport system for the compatible solute glycine betaine.

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Halobacillus trueperi accumulates glycine betaine under condition of high osmolarity. A fragment of the glycine betaine transporter betH gene was obtained from the genome of H. trueperi with degenerate primers. Through Southern blot hybridization and inverse PCR, a 5.1 kb EcoRI fragment containing

Changes in GABA transporters in the rat hippocampus after kainate-induced neuronal injury: decrease in GAT-1 and GAT-3 but upregulation of betaine/GABA transporter BGT-1.

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The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporters GAT-1, GAT-2, GAT-3, and BGT-1 have been cloned and identified according to their differential amino acid sequences and pharmacologic properties. In contrast to GAT-1, -2, or -3, BGT-1 is capable of utilizing both GABA and betaine as substrates.

Dietary betaine supplementation improves meat quality of transported broilers through altering muscle anaerobic glycolysis and antioxidant capacity.

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BACKGROUND

In order to investigate the effect of dietary betaine supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, muscle anaerobic glycolysis and antioxidant capacity of transported broilers, a total of 192 one-day-old partridge-shank-broiler-chickens were randomly divided

Isolated subacute combined degeneration in late-onset cobalamin C deficiency in children: Two case reports and literature review.

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Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) is a disease caused by decreased vitamin B12 intake or metabolic disorders. It is more common in the elderly and rarely seen in children. Here, we report 2 pediatric cases of SCD in late-onset cobalamin C (CblC)

Copper deficiency myelopathy and subacute combined degeneration of the cord - why is the phenotype so similar?

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Copper deficiency myelopathy (CDM) is an increasingly recognised mimic of subacute combined degeneration (SCD) of the cord due to cobalamin (vitamin B(12)) deficiency. It has been suggested that copper deficiency induces myelopathy through dysfunction of cytochrome oxidase, which is known to be

Betaine supplementation mitigates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by abrogation of oxidative/nitrosative stress and suppression of inflammation and apoptosis in rats.

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Cisplatin is one of the most potent chemotherapeutic antitumor drugs used in the treatment of a wide range of solid tumors. Its primary dose-limiting side effect is nephrotoxicity. This study aims to investigate the effect of betaine supplementation on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. A single

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in cblC disorder despite treatment with B12.

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Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) of the spinal cord is a characteristic complication of vitamin B12 deficiency, but it has never been neuropathologically demonstrated in a B12-inborn error of metabolism. In this report SCD is documented in a 15-year-old boy with early-onset cobalamin C (cblC)

Loss of NFAT5 results in renal atrophy and lack of tonicity-responsive gene expression.

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The transcription factor NFAT5/TonEBP, a member of the NFAT/Rel family of transcription factors, has been implicated in diverse cellular responses, including the response to osmotic stress, integrin-dependent cell migration, T cell activation, and the Ras pathway in Drosophila. To clarify the in

Prospective study of plasma homocysteine, its dietary determinants, and risk of age-related macular degeneration in men.

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OBJECTIVE Cross-sectional and case-control studies generally support a direct association between elevated plasma homocysteine and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but data from prospective studies are limited. We examined the prospective relation of plasma homocysteine level, its dietary

Metabolomic Profiling of the Aqueous Humor in Patients with Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration using UHPLC-MS/MS.

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Assessing metabolomic alterations in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can provide insight on its pathogenesis. We compared the metabolomic profiles of the aqueous humor between wet AMD patients (n=26) and age- and sex-matched patients undergoing cataract surgery without AMD as controls (n=20).

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with a state of betaine-insufficiency.

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) develops from a complex process, which includes changes in the liver methylome. Betaine plays a pivotal role in the regulation of methylogenesis. We performed a two-stage case-control study, which included patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD to explore

Molecular cloning and characterization of high-affinity carnitine transporter from rat intestine.

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Carnitine is an essential component for mitochondrial beta-oxidation of fatty acid. Using the degenerate primers designed for organic anion transporters and an organic cation transporter, we isolated a novel cDNA encoding a carnitine transporter (CT1) from rat intestine. CT1 encodes a 557-amino-acid

An accurate and stable nitrate-selective electrode for the in situ determination of nitrate in agricultural drainage waters.

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A field evaluation of a novel nitrate-ion selective electrode (ISE) was undertaken by continuous immersion over a period of 5 months in agricultural drainage weirs. The nitrate sensor N,N,N-triallyl leucine betaine was covalently attached to polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-polystyrene (SBS)

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