glutaminase/dental caries

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Early differential expression of two glutaminase mRNAs in mouse spleen after tumor implantation.

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The influence of progressive tumor growth on phosphate-activated glutaminase (PAG) expression in splenocytes from mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells was investigated. Implantation of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in the peritoneal cavity of mice led to a 2.3-fold stimulation of spleen PAG

Administration of nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and insulin-like growth factor-II protects phosphate-activated glutaminase in the ischemic and reperfused rat retinas.

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Phosphate-activated glutaminase (PAG) activity decreases markedly in the early period of ischemia. The decrease of the enzyme activity is reversible if the ischemic period is relatively short, but it becomes irreversible after 90 minutes of ischemia. The deterioration is a functional damage of the

Importance of hydrophobic cavities in allosteric regulation of formylglycinamide synthetase: insight from xenon trapping and statistical coupling analysis.

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Formylglycinamide ribonucleotide amidotransferase (FGAR-AT) is a 140 kDa bi-functional enzyme involved in a coupled reaction, where the glutaminase active site produces ammonia that is subsequently utilized to convert FGAR to its corresponding amidine in an ATP assisted fashion. The structure of

Ehrlich ascites tumor cells expressing anti-sense glutaminase mRNA lose their capacity to evade the mouse immune system.

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Glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2) is a key enzyme in rapidly proliferating cells. Using anti-sense technology, an Ehrlich ascites tumor cell line (0.28AS-2) with reduced glutaminase activity has been obtained. We investigated the in vivo growth characteristics of the 0.28AS-2 cells. When injected i.p. into

Structure of the essential peptidoglycan amidotransferase MurT/GatD complex from Streptococcus pneumoniae.

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The universality of peptidoglycan in bacteria underlies the broad spectrum of many successful antibiotics. However, in our times of widespread resistance, the diversity of peptidoglycan modifications offers a variety of new antibacterials targets. In some Gram-positive species such as Streptococcus

The interaction of ammonia and xenon with the imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase from Thermotoga maritima as detected by NMR spectroscopy.

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The imidazole glycerol phosphate (ImGP) synthase from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima is a 1:1 complex of the glutaminase subunit HisH and the cyclase subunit HisF. It has been proposed that ammonia generated by HisH is transported through a channel to the active site of HisF,

Effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation on macrophage metabolism during ageing. Study in rats fed fat-rich diets during ageing.

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The effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation upon macrophage metabolism and function was examined in aged rats fed a balanced or a polyunsaturated-rich diet. The following parameters were studied: number of cells in the intraperitoneal cavity, maximal activity of hexokinase, citrate synthase,

Effects of various dietary fatty acids on enzyme activities of carbohydrate and glutamine metabolism and the metabolic response of lymphocytes and macrophages during Walker-256 ascites cell tumour growth in rats.

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It was previously shown that polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acid rich diets affected metabolic and functional changes in macrophages and a variety of immune tissues (thymus, mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen). This study reports metabolic and functional changes in peritoneal macrophages and

Fiber-rich diets alter rat intestinal leukocytes metabolism.

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This study addressed the following question: What is the effect of fermentable and nonfermentable fiber-rich diets on intestinal immune cells' function and metabolism? For this purpose, weaning rats received, for 8 weeks, two types of fiber-enriched (30%) diets with different

Evidence that glutamine is involved in neutrophil function.

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Phosphate-dependent glutaminase (PDG) activity, a key enzyme of glutamine metabolism, was determined in neutrophils obtained from the intra-peritoneal cavity (PC) or bronchoalveolar space (BAS) after administration of 1 ml or 100 microl, respectively of saline, glycogen solution (1%) or

Structural definition of the lysine swing in Arabidopsis thaliana PDX1: Intermediate channeling facilitating vitamin B6 biosynthesis.

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Vitamin B6 is indispensible for all organisms, notably as the coenzyme form pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Plants make the compound de novo using a relatively simple pathway comprising pyridoxine synthase (PDX1) and pyridoxine glutaminase (PDX2). PDX1 is remarkable given its multifaceted synthetic ability

Crystal structure of imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase: a tunnel through a (beta/alpha)8 barrel joins two active sites.

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BACKGROUND Imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase catalyzes a two-step reaction of histidine biosynthesis at the bifurcation point with the purine de novo pathway. The enzyme is a new example of intermediate channeling by glutamine amidotransferases in which ammonia generated by hydrolysis of

Diabetes causes marked changes in function and metabolism of rat neutrophils.

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Several studies have shown impairment of neutrophil function, a disorder that contributes to the high incidence of infections in diabetes. Since glucose and glutamine play a key role in neutrophil function, we investigated their metabolism in neutrophils obtained from the peritoneal cavity of

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