medicarpin/medicago

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Medicarpin and millepurpan, two flavonoids isolated from Medicago sativa, induce apoptosis and overcome multidrug resistance in leukemia P388 cells.

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BACKGROUND High consumption of flavonoids has been associated with a decrease risk of cancer. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) leaves have been widely used in traditional medicine and is currently used as a dietary supplement because of their high nutrient content. We previously reported the cytotoxic

Stress responses in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) III. Induction of medicarpin and cytochrome P450 enzyme activities in elicitor-treated cell suspension cultures and protoplasts.

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Cell suspension cultures of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) accumulated phenolic secondary metabolites in a pattern similar to that seen in alfalfa roots. Upon treatment with a crude elicitor preparation from the bean pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the pterocarpan phytoalexin medicarpin

Effect of lead treatment on medicarpin accumulation and on the gene expression of key enzymes involved in medicarpin biosynthesis in Medicago sativa L.

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Lead (Pb) is the most common heavy metal contaminant in the environment. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of Pb treatment on medicarpin production and accumulation in Medicago sativa L. To this aim, 7- and 30-day-old plants were treated with 0, 120, 240, 500, and 1,000 μM Pb

Molecular cloning and expression of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) vestitone reductase, the penultimate enzyme in medicarpin biosynthesis.

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Medicarpin, the major phytoalexin in alfalfa, is synthesized by way of the isoflavonoid branch of phenylpropanoid metabolism. One of the final steps of medicarpin biosynthesis, from vestitone to 7,2'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavanol, is catalyzed by vestitone reductase. A 1245-bp cDNA clone which

Conversion of vestitone to medicarpin in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is catalyzed by two independent enzymes. Identification, purification, and characterization of vestitone reductase and 7,2'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavanol dehydratase.

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Pterocarpan phytoalexins are antimicrobial compounds in leguminous plants. The final step of pterocarpan biosynthesis, conversion of vestitone to medicarpin, was thought to be catalyzed by a single enzyme "pterocarpan synthase." We have shown that the pterocarpan synthase activity observed in crude

Medicago truncatula ABCG10 is a transporter of 4-coumarate and liquiritigenin in the medicarpin biosynthetic pathway.

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The ABCG10 protein of the model legume Medicago truncatula is required for efficient de novo production of the phenylpropanoid-derived phytoalexin medicarpin. Silencing the expression of MtABCG10 results, inter alia, in a lower accumulation of medicarpin and its precursors. In this study, we

A New isoflavanone phytoalexin from Medicago rugosa.

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An isoflavonoid phytoalexin produced by the fungus-inoculated leaflets of Medicago rugosa Desr. has been formulated as (+/-)-7,4'-dimethoxy-2'-hydroxyisoflavanone (isosativanone). This compound cooccurs with the known isoflavonoid fungitoxins, (-)-medicarpin, (-)-vestitol,

Different mechanisms for phytoalexin induction by pathogen and wound signals in Medicago truncatula.

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Cell suspensions of the model legume Medicago truncatula accumulated the isoflavonoid phytoalexin medicarpin in response to yeast elicitor or methyl jasmonate (MJ), accompanied by decreased levels of isoflavone glycosides in MJ-treated cells. DNA microarray analysis revealed rapid, massive induction

Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation on cadmium induced Medicago truncatula root isoflavonoid accumulation.

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Cadmium is a serious environmental pollution threats to the planet. Its accumulation in plants affects many cellular functions, resulting in growth and development inhibition, whose mechanisms are not fully understood. However, some fungi forming arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis with the majority of

Affinity chromatography, substrate/product specificity, and amino acid sequence analysis of an isoflavone O-methyltransferase from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).

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Isoflavone O-methyltransferase (IOMT) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the phytoalexin medicarpin in alfalfa. In vivo, the B-ring 4'-hydroxyl group of the isoflavone daidzein is methylated. Surprisingly, the O-methyltransferase activity measured in vitro preferentially methylates the A-ring

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Root Exudates Contain Isoflavonoids in the Presence of Rhizobium meliloti.

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Root exudates of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) inoculated with symbiotic Rhizobium meliloti bacteria contained three isoflavonoids that were not found in exudates of uninoculated plants. Data from proton nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and ultraviolet-visible absorbance analyses

The Effects of Heavy Metals and Root Immersion on Isoflavonoid Metabolism in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).

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Modest increases in the concentration of medicarpin, 6-fold in leaves and 4-fold in roots, were observed in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings treated with 1 mM metal salts for 72 h. However, medicarpin-3-O-glucoside-6"-O-malonate (MGM) and formononetin-7-O-glucoside-6"-O-malonate (FGM) levels

Stress Responses in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.): I. Induction of Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis and Hydrolytic Enzymes in Elicitor-Treated Cell Suspension Cultures.

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cell suspension cultures accumulated high concentrations of the pterocarpan phytoalexin medicarpin, reaching a maximum within 24 hours after exposure to an elicitor preparation from cell walls of the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. This was preceded

Stress Responses in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) : V. Constitutive and Elicitor-Induced Accumulation of Isoflavonoid Conjugates in Cell Suspension Cultures.

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The isoflavonoid conjugates medicarpin-3-O-glucoside-6''-O-malonate (MGM), afrormosin-7-O-glucoside (AG), and afrormosin-7-O-glucoside-6''-O-malonate (AGM) were isolated and characterized from cell suspension cultures of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), where they were the major constitutive secondary

A Medicago truncatula ABC transporter belonging to subfamily G modulates the level of isoflavonoids.

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Full-sized ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters of the G subfamily (ABCG) are considered to be essential components of the plant immune system. These proteins have been proposed to be implicated in the active transmembrane transport of various secondary metabolites. Despite the importance of

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