octanoic acid/seizures

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Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of valproate analogues in rats. IV. Anticonvulsant action and neurotoxicity of octanoic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, and 1-methyl-1-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid.

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We examined the pharmacodynamics of valproate (VPA) and three structural analogues, octanoic acid (OA), cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (CCA), and 1-methyl-1-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (MCCA) in rats. A pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) infusion seizure model was used to determine threshold convulsive doses of

Caprylic (Octanoic) Acid as a Potential Fatty Acid Chemotherapeutic for Glioblastoma

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High grade glial tumors (HGGs) including anaplastic astrocytoma (WHO Grade-III) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM, WHO Grade-IV) are among the most malignant cancers known to man. Due to their defective mitochondria, HGG cells consume glucose via glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen. Overall

Visual evoked potentials in encephalopathy induced by galactosamine, ammonia, dimethyldisulfide, and octanoic acid.

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Visual evoked potentials were utilized to examine the neuronal transmission changes provoked by galactosamine-induced hepatic encephalopathy and by administration in normal animals of toxins presumably involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic encepalopathy. Separate acute administrations of ammonia,

Seizure control by derivatives of medium chain fatty acids associated with the ketogenic diet show novel branching-point structure for enhanced potency.

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The medium chain triglyceride (MCT) ketogenic diet is a major treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy but is problematic, particularly in adults, because of poor tolerability. Branched derivatives of octanoic acid (OA), a medium chain fat provided in the diet have been suggested as potential new

Visual evoked potentials in a rabbit model of hepatic encephalopathy. II. Comparison of hyperammonemic encephalopathy, postictal coma, and coma induced by synergistic neurotoxins.

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To assess neuronal mechanisms of potential importance in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy, visual evoked potentials were recorded in rabbits with acute hyperammonemic encephalopathy, postictal coma, and toxin-induced coma resulting from the administration of a combination of subcoma doses

Hydroxyamide analogs of propofol exhibit state-dependent block of sodium channels in hippocampal neurons: implications for anticonvulsant activity.

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Although propofol is most commonly known for its general anesthetic properties, at subanesthetic doses, propofol has been effectively used to suppress seizures during refractory status epilepticus, a mechanism, in part, attributed to the inhibition of neuronal sodium channels. In this study, we have

[Generalized epilepsy disclosing medium-chain-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency].

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BACKGROUND Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is the most common inherited defect of fatty acid beta-oxidation. As it causes life-threatening symptoms, it is mandatory to diagnose deficiencies of this enzyme in families. METHODS A boy was admitted at the age of 3 months because of

Chronic valproic acid treatment triggers increased neuropeptide y expression and signaling in rat nucleus reticularis thalami.

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Valproate (VPA) can suppress absence and other seizures, but its precise mechanisms of action are not completely understood. We investigated whether VPA influences the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), an endogenous anticonvulsant. Chronic VPA administration to young rats (300-600 mg.kg(-1).d(-1)

Hepatic encephalopathy. Application of visual evoked responses to test hypotheses of its pathogenesis in rats.

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A previous study of the patterns of visual evoked responses (VERs) in rats was interpreted as providing support for the synergistic neurotoxins hypothesis of the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) due to fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). In contrast, other studies of the patterns of VERs in

Monitoring octanoic and decanoic acids in plasma from children with intractable epilepsy treated with medium-chain triglyceride diet.

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We describe a procedure for gas-chromatographic determination of n-octanoic and n-decanoic acids in 100 microL of plasma from children with intractable epilepsy treated with medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) diet. With n-nonanoic acid as the internal standard, the extraction efficiencies for octanoic

Lipoic acid biosynthesis defects.

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Lipoate is a covalently bound cofactor essential for five redox reactions in humans: in four 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases and the glycine cleavage system (GCS). Two enzymes are from the energy metabolism, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase; and three are from the amino acid

The ketogenic diet component decanoic acid increases mitochondrial citrate synthase and complex I activity in neuronal cells.

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The Ketogenic diet (KD) is an effective treatment with regards to treating pharmaco-resistant epilepsy. However, there are difficulties around compliance and tolerability. Consequently, there is a need for refined/simpler formulations that could replicate the efficacy of the KD. One of the proposed

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