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The participation of histaminergic receptors of the rostral hypothalamus on the tonic release of luteinizing hormone (LH) in adult spayed rats under estrogen and progesterone treatment.

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The influence of histaminergic sites in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area (POA-AHA) on the basal release of luteinizing hormone (LH) under a continuous regimen of estradiol, progesterone, or both was studied in ovariectomized rats. Different groups of animals were subjected to the following

Thermoregulatory responses elicited by microinjection of L-glutamate and its interaction with thermogenic effects of GABA and prostaglandin E2 in the preoptic area.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the thermoregulatory effects of neuronal activation with sodium L-glutamate (glutamate) in the preoptic area (POA) of the hypothalamus and to examine its possible interaction with the thermogenic effects of GABA and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)).

Central pathway for spontaneous and prostaglandin E2-evoked cutaneous vasoconstriction.

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A reduction of heat loss to the environment through increased cutaneous vasoconstrictor (CVC) sympathetic outflow contributes to elevated body temperature during fever. We determined the role of neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) in increases in CVC sympathetic tone evoked by PGE2 into

Blockade of prostaglandin E2-induced thermogenesis by unilateral microinjection of GABAA receptor antagonist into the preoptic area.

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Previous studies have demonstrated that pretreatment of rats with a GABA(A) receptor antagonist microinjected bilaterally into the preoptic area (POA) blocked cold- or lipopolysaccharide-induced thermogenesis. Here, the involvement of GABA(A) receptors in prostaglandin (PG)E2-induced fever was

Neurokinin-3 receptor activation in the retrochiasmatic area is essential for the full pre-ovulatory luteinising hormone surge in ewes.

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Neurokinin B (NKB) is essential for human reproduction and has been shown to stimulate luteinising hormone (LH) secretion in several species, including sheep. Ewes express the neurokinin-3 receptor (NK3R) in the retrochiasmatic area (RCh) and there is one report that placement of senktide, an NK3R

Kisspeptin neurons in the ovine arcuate nucleus and preoptic area are involved in the preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge.

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Kisspeptin is the product of the Kiss1 gene that regulates GnRH secretion. In sheep, Kiss1 mRNA-expressing cells are found in the preoptic area (POA) and arcuate nucleus (ARC), and expression is up-regulated in the caudal ARC during the periovulatory period. We hypothesized that kisspeptin neurons

Tissue levels of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in the preoptic area and hypothalamus, and serum concentrations of gonadotropins following anterior hypothalamic deafferentation and estrogen treatment of the female rat.

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Female rats were ovariectomized prior to anterior hypothalamic deafferentation (AHD) or sham AHD of the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH). LHRH in the MBH and the preoptic area (POA), and the blood concentrations of LHRH, FSH, and LH were measured following decapitation at the end of 30 days in

Female lordosis pattern in the male rat induced by estrogen and progesterone: effect of interruption of the dorsal inputs to the preoptic area and hypothalamus.

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Lordosis behavior was very rare in castrated male rats which had been pretreated with 50 mug estradiol benzoate (EB) for successive 2 days and 1 mg progesterone (P) 6-8 hr prior to testing on the third day. Only one out of 8 rats displayed lordosis in response to mounts by the sexually matured

Perfusion of the preoptic area with muscimol or prostaglandin E2 stimulates cardiovascular function in anesthetized rats.

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The effect of unilateral perfusion of the preoptic area (POA) utilizing in vivo microdialysis with the GABAergic agonist, muscimol, or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on cardiovascular function (heart rate, blood pressure and cutaneous blood flow) was determined in halothane-anesthetized rats. Perfusion of

Pharmacological and mechanical heterogeneity of cat isolated ophthalmociliary artery.

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The mechanical, histological and pharmacological properties of the isolated cat ophthalmociliary artery are reported and compared for passively stretched ring segments from three locations on the artery. Ring segments were mounted in a modified myograph system after the method of Hogestatt,

Characterization and mapping of sleep-waking specific neurons in the basal forebrain and preoptic hypothalamus in mice.

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We recorded 872 single units across the complete sleep-waking cycle in the mouse preoptic area (POA) and basal forebrain (BFB), which are deeply involved in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness (W). Of these, 552 were sleep-active, 96 were waking-active, 106 were active during both waking and

Sex steroid regulation of kisspeptin circuits.

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Kisspeptin cells appear to be the "missing link," bridging the divide between levels of gonadal steroids and feedback control of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. Kisspeptin neurons are important in the generation of both sex steroid negative and estrogen positive feedback signals to

The effect of neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol, genistein, and zearalenone on pituitary responsiveness and sexually dimorphic nucleus volume in the castrated adult rat.

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The neonatal hormone environment determines the sexually differentiated pattern of brain growth. Estrogens, derived from intracerebral aromatization of testosterone, promote male sexual central nervous system (CNS) development. Developing animals may also encounter estrogens from plant, fungal, and

Rostral ventromedial periaqueductal gray: a source of inhibition of the sympathetic outflow to brown adipose tissue.

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Central inhibitory pathways play a significant role in determining the level of sympathetic outflow to the cold defense efferents in mammals. We tested the hypothesis that neurons in the rostral ventromedial periaqueductal gray (rvmPAG) are a source of inhibitory regulation of the sympathetic nerve

Differential acute influence of medial and lateral preoptic areas on sleep-wakefulness in freely moving rats.

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The role of preoptic area (POA) in sleep-wakefulness and related EEG changes is well established. Anatomically the area is divided into medial (mPOA) and lateral (IPOA) portions having different physiological functions. Knowledge regarding the differential role, if any, of those two areas in sleep

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