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The name "cysteine protease" refers to the protease's nucleophilic cysteine residue that forms a covalent bond with the carbonyl group of the scissile peptide bond in substrates. The papain-like cysteine proteases, classified as the "C1 family" are the most predominant cysteine proteases. These
Binding of Fas ligand or an agonistic anti-Fas antibody induces apoptosis in Fas-bearing cells. The interleukin-1Beta-converting enzyme (ICE) is a cysteine protease that is involved in apoptosis induced by various stimuli, including Fas-mediated apoptosis. Several ICE homologues have been
Proteolytic activities in extracts of sea urchin eggs were examined using SDS (sodium dodecyl sulphate)-polyacrylamide gels. In the unfertilized eggs, proteases were detected as bands corresponding to the molecular weights of 40 kD and 26 kD on the gelatin gel, and 35 kD and 30 kD on the casein gel.
There is emerging evidence that the proteolytic machinery of plants plays important roles in defense against pathogens. The oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, the agent of the devastating late blight disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and potato (Solanum tuberosum), has evolved an
The tricorn protease is an archaeal protease that forms massive proteasome-like capsids with a hollow chamber. beta-Propeller and PDZ domains are thought to play a role in substrate selection. By analysis of predicted proteins from novel bacterial genome sequences, we have identified four new
Cleavage by subtilisin-like proteases (subtilases) is an essential step in post-translational processing of proteins found in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. Our knowledge of the diversity of this protease family in nematodes is aided by the rapid increase in sequence information,
Factor C is an endotoxin-sensitive, intracellular serine protease zymogen which initiates the coagulation cascade system in the limulus hemolymph. We have determined the entire amino acid sequence of factor C using recombinant DNA technique. The zymogen consisted of 994 amino acid residues with a
The discovery of structural and functional similarities between the product of the nematode cell-death gene ced-3 and mammalian interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme (ICE) is providing important insights into the molecular mechanism of apoptosis. This article summarizes the current knowledge of ICE
Ubiquitin-like domains (Ubls) now are recognized as common elements adjacent to viral and cellular proteases; however, their function is unclear. Structural studies of the papain-like protease (PLP) domains of coronaviruses (CoVs) revealed an adjacent Ubl domain in severe acute respiratory syndrome
Two cDNA sequences encoding a trypsin-like and a chymotrypsin-like serine protease (MsT and MsCT, GenBank accession Nos. KP730443 and KP730444, respectively) were cloned from midgut of oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata Walker. Multiple alignments revealed that the deduced amino acid sequences of
The effects of trypsin, acrosin and a recently described trypsin-like protease from bovine sperm were studied on adenylate cyclase activity in membranes of human platelets. These proteases caused an immediate decrease in adenylate cyclase activity, which was independent of the platelet membrane