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Partial Purification and Characterization of Uracil-DNA Glycosylase Activity from Chloroplasts of Zea mays Seedlings.

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A uracil-DNA glycosylase activity has been purified about 750-fold from the chloroplasts of light-grown Zea mays seedlings. This report represents the first direct demonstration of a DNA-glycosylase repair activity in chloroplasts. The activity, in part, was associated with a chloroplast Triton

The Partial Purification and Characterization of Nuclear and Mitochondrial Uracil-DNA Glycosylase Activities from Zea mays Seedlings.

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Uracil-DNA glycosylase activities from etiolated Zea mays seedling nuclei and mitochondria were partially purified and characterized. Nuclei and mitochondria were separated using sucrose differential and step gradient centrifugation. Experiments with osmotically shocked organelles indicated that

Characterization of small interfering RNAs derived from Rice black streaked dwarf virus in infected maize plants by deep sequencing.

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Rice black streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is the casual agent of maize rough dwarf disease, which frequently causes severe yield loss in China. However, the interaction between RBSDV and maize plants is largely unknown. RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism against viruses in plants. To understand

The solute specificity profiles of nucleobase cation symporter 1 (NCS1) from Zea mays and Setaria viridis illustrate functional flexibility.

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The solute specificity profiles (transport and binding) for the nucleobase cation symporter 1 (NCS1) proteins, from the closely related C4 grasses Zea mays and Setaria viridis, differ from that of Arabidopsis thaliana and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii NCS1. Solute specificity profiles for NCS1 from Z.

Cultivation and partial characterization of spiroplasmas in cell cultures.

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Spiroplasmas were propagated in the Drosophila melanogaster cell line Dm-1. Spiroplasma citri and unidentified strains (corn shunt organism, 277F [tick isolate], powder puff, BNR-1, honey bee, and OBMG) grew to 10(8) to 10(9) colony-forming units per ml and could be passaged. Cytopathic effect (CPE)

Functional expression of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) in pyr4 mutants of ustilago maydis allows target validation of DHODH inhibitors in vivo.

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Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH; EC 1.3.99.11) is a central enzyme of pyrimidine biosynthesis and catalyzes the oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate. DHODH is an important target for antiparasitic and cytostatic drugs since rapid cell proliferation often depends on the de novo synthesis of

Characterization of plant beta-ureidopropionase and functional overexpression in Escherichia coli.

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Pyrimidine bases are rapidly catabolized in growing plant tissues. The final enzyme of the catabolic pathway, beta-ureidopropionase (beta-UP; EC 3.5.1.6), was partially purified from the shoots of etiolated maize (Zea mays) seedlings. The enzyme had a K(m) for beta-ureidopropionate (the substrate

The solute transport profile of two Aza-guanine transporters from the Honey bee pathogen Paenibacillus larvae.

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Two nucleobase transporters encoded in the genome of the Honey bee bacterial pathogen Paenibacillus larvae belong to the azaguanine-like transporters and are referred to as PlAzg1 and PlAzg2. PlAzg1 and 2 display significant amino acid sequence similarity, and share predicted secondary structures

Performance of Mapping Approaches for Whole-Genome Bisulfite Sequencing Data in Crop Plants.

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DNA methylation is involved in many different biological processes in the development and well-being of crop plants such as transposon activation, heterosis, environment-dependent transcriptome plasticity, aging, and many diseases. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing is an excellent technology for

A Comprehensive Map of Intron Branchpoints and Lariat RNAs in Plants.

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Lariats are formed by excised introns, when the 5' splice site joins with the branchpoint (BP) during splicing. Although lariat RNAs are usually degraded by RNA debranching enzyme 1, recent findings in animals detected many lariat RNAs under physiological conditions. By contrast, the features of BPs

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