Subjects randomized to this arm will receive low-dose of EPO administered thrice weekly

Subjects randomized to this arm will receive the same cumulative dose of EPO administered as a high-dose of EPO every 2 weeks

Anemia

Atherosclerosis

Cardiovascular

Low dose erythropoietin

High dose erythropoietin

North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Gainesville, FL

Frequent, Low-Dose Erythropoietin A Mechanistic Approach to Mitigate Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Erythropoietin

Frequent, Low-Dose Erythropoietin: A Mechanistic Approach to Mitigate Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Erythropoietin Therapy in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

The plaque characteristics will be analyzed by MRI-PlaqueViewTM (VP diagnostics Inc., WA). Planimetry will be performed on the image data sets, using histogram equalization to improve edge detection for plaque, arterial wall and lumen. Differences in image contrast between T1-weighted, T2-weighted, Time of Flight, and proton density will be used to characterize the plaque as fibrous, stable, or unstable.

VA Office of Research and Development

Patients will be randomly assigned two different erythropoietin dosing strategies. One group will be given more frequent, low-doses of EPO and the other group will be given the same, cumulative dose given every 2 weeks.

The outcome is the progression of carotid plaque. John Forder, PhD, who will read the MRIs will be blinded to the subject and treatment group.

patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome diagnosis.

Patients with Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome who has peripheral neuropathy

Whole blood will be retain for DNA extraction.

Postural Tachycardia Syndrome

Oral glucose tolerance test

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome

POSTURAL ORTHOSTATIC TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME AND GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS: Contribution of Gastrointestinal Peptides

The plasma levels of GI peptides (GLP-1, GLP-2, PPY, glucagon, C-peptide, insulin) and their pattern of secretion after ingestion of 75 g glucose.

Gastric emptying time will be measured by acetaminophen absorption test after ingestion of 75 grams glucose.

The gastrointestinal symptoms will be evaluated by questionnaire after ingestion of 75 grams glucose.

Symptoms related to postural orthostatic tachycardia symptoms will be evaluated by specific questionnaire after ingestion of 75 grams glucose.

Cyndya Shibao

Assistant Professor

The dexmedetomidine group will receive i.v. infusion of 0.1 mL/kg/h of solution containing 6 µg/mL of dexmedetomidine, at 20 min before induction of anesthesia

The dexmedetomidine group will receive i.v. infusion of 0.1 mL/kg/h of solution containing 4 µg/mL of dexmedetomidine, at 20 min before induction of anesthesia

The dexmedetomidine group will receive i.v. infusion of 0.1 mL/kg/h of solution containing 2 µg/mL of dexmedetomidine, at 20 min before induction of anesthesia.

The placebo group (n = 20) will receive an i.v. infusion of 0.1 mL/kg/h saline 0.9%, at 20 min before induction of anesthesia

Pregnant Women Undergoing Cesarean Delivery

The dexmedetomidine groups (n = 20 for each) will receive i.v. infusion of 0.1 mL/kg/h of solution containing 2, 4, and 6 µg/mL of dexmedetomidine, at 20 min before induction of anesthesia. The placebo and the dexmedetomidine solutions will be looked identical and their infusions will be continued until skin closure, when their infusion rate will be decreased by 50% until 20 min after extubation.

Dexmedetomidine

The placebo group (n = 20) will receive an i.v. infusion of 0.1 mL/kg/h saline 0.9%, at 30 min before induction of anesthesia. The placebo solution will be looked identical and their infusions will be continued until skin closure, when the infusion rate will be decreased by 50% until 20 min after extubation. The test solution will be prepared by one anesthesiologist before induction of anesthesia.

amide/stroke

Frequent, Low-Dose Erythropoietin A Mechanistic Approach to Mitigate Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Erythropoietin

Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome

Dexmedetomidine for Cesarean Delivery

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