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Activity of Hydroxamic Acids from Secale cereale Against the Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and Xiphinema americanum.

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ABSTRACT Cyclic hydroxamic acids are secondary metabolites found in the family Poaceae and have been implicated in the allelopathy of rye (Secale cereale). The toxicity of these compounds against plant-parasitic nematodes is unknown. DIBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one), DIMBOA

Comparison of the levels of bioactive benzoxazinoids in different wheat and rye fractions and the transformation of these compounds in homemade foods.

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Benzoxazinoids are important phytochemicals found in wheat and rye that are associated with plant resistance against pathogens, and recent studies have emphasized the potential health-promoting role of these compounds i.e. anti-cancer, anti-allergy and anti-inflammation. Accordingly, an

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases of DIBOA biosynthesis: specificity and conservation among grasses.

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DIBOA and DIMBOA are secondary metabolites of grasses which function as natural pesticides. The four maize genes BX2 through BX5 encode cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases that catalyse four consecutive reactions in the biosynthesis of these secondary products. Although BX2-BX5 share

2,2'-OXO-1,1'-azobenzene: Selective toxicity of rye (Secale cereale L.) allelochemicals to weed and crop species: II.

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Three allelochemicals from rye or its breakdown products were evaluated for activity on garden cress (Lepidum sativum L.), barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.], cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), and snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). 2,4-Dihydroxy-1,4(2H)-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA),

Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA) and 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA), two naturally occurring benzoxazinones contained in sprouts of Gramineae are potent aneugens in human-derived liver cells (HepG2).

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Benzoxazinoids (BAs) are toxic constituents of sprouts of Gramineae such as wheat, maize and rye and are part of the plant defence system against pests. In the last years, sprouts have been increasingly consumed as health foods and are also used for the production of dietary supplements. In the

Effects of fertility on biomass, phytotoxicity, and allelochemical content of cereal rye.

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Studies were conducted to evaluate biomass production, tissue phytotoxicity, and allelochemical content of rye (Secale cereale L.) shoots grown in three fertility regimes (low, medium or high) in the greenhouse. Wheeler rye or a polyculture of rye and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) grown with high

Hydroxamic acids in Secale cereale L. and the relationship with their antifeedant and allelopathic properties.

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Contents of the hydroxamic acids 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA), and 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA) in leaves and roots of 14 cultivars of rye, Secale cereale L., were determined. Dynamics of accumulation in three cultivars were evaluated. DIBOA was the main cyclic

ScBx gene based association analysis of hydroxamate content in rye (Secale cereale L.).

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Hydroxamates (HX) are major secondary metabolites synthesized by rye and are responsible for some of the unique properties of this cereal, including good tolerance of biotic and abiotic stresses and allelopathy. Recently, five genes encoding enzymes taking part in HX biosynthesis have been sequenced

Fate of benzoxazinone allelochemicals in soil after incorporation of wheat and rye sprouts.

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Growing cereals (especially rye), which are incorporated into the soil to increase soil fertility or organic matter content, is a common practice in crop rotation. The additional sanitizing effect of this incorporation has often been appreciated and is said to be due to leaching of benzoxazinones

Bioactive benzoxazinoids in rye bread are absorbed and metabolized in pigs.

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Recently, bioactive benzoxazinoids were discovered in cereal grains and bakery products. In this study, we studied the uptake, distribution, and metabolism of these secondary metabolites using a pig model. Twelve benzoxazinoid compounds and their 4 transformation products were quantified in the

Purification and characterization of a beta-glucosidase from rye (Secale cereale L.) seedlings.

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Cyclic hydroxamic acids and a glucosidase that occur in rye seedlings were investigated. The concentration of the glucoside of 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA-Glc) in shoots increased soon after germination and decreased to a lower, constant level as the plants started autotrophic growth.

Structural characteristics of ScBx genes controlling the biosynthesis of hydroxamic acids in rye (Secale cereale L.).

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Benzoxazinoids (BX) are major secondary metabolites of gramineous plants that play an important role in disease resistance and allelopathy. They also have many other unique properties including anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity, and the ability to reduce alfa-amylase activity. The biosynthesis

Determination of benzoxazinoids in wheat and rye beers by HPLC-DAD and UPLC-QTOF MS.

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Phenolic compounds in beer have received considerable interest. Besides the more typical phenolic acids and flavonoids, beer contains also lesser-known compounds, such as hordatines, their agmatine precursors and other phenolamines. Current work shows that beers brewed from wheat or rye malts, in

Molecular and structural characterization of hexameric beta-D-glucosidases in wheat and rye.

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The wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rye (Secale cereale) beta-D-glucosidases hydrolyze hydroxamic acid-glucose conjugates, exist as different types of isozyme, and function as oligomers. In this study, three cDNAs encoding beta-D-glucosidases (TaGlu1a, TaGlu1b, and TaGlu1c) were isolated from young

Growth inhibition and root ultrastructure of cucumber seedlings exposed to allelochemicals from rye (Secale cereale).

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Inhibition of "Calypso" cucumber seedling growth by rye allelochemicals, 2(3H)-benzoxazolinone BOA and 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4(2H)-benzoxazin-3-one DIBOA, was studied by analyzing the growth of seedling tissues and organs. Light and electron microscopy of seedling root cells were also carried out to

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