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Interference with acute nausea and anticipatory nausea in rats by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibition through a PPARα and CB1 receptor mechanism, respectively: a double dissociation.
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BACKGROUND
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibition elevates anandamide (AEA), which acts on cannabinoid (CB1 and CB2) receptors, as well as N-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and N-oleoylethanolamine (OEA), which act on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). Here, we determine the
A comparison of novel, selective fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), monoacyglycerol lipase (MAGL) or dual FAAH/MAGL inhibitors to suppress acute and anticipatory nausea in rat models.
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Drugs that block fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH, which elevates anandamide [AEA]) and drugs which block monoacylglycerol (MAGL, which elevates 2-arachidonyl glycerol [2-AG]) have promise in treating both acute and anticipatory nausea in human patients.
This study aims to evaluate the relative
Suppression of acute and anticipatory nausea by peripherally restricted fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor in animal models: role of PPARα and CB1 receptors.
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OBJECTIVE
Effective treatments of nausea are limited. In this study we evaluated the ability of the peripherally restricted fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor, URB937, to suppress acute and anticipatory nausea in rats and examined the pharmacological mechanism of this effect.
METHODS
We
The ventral pallidum as a critical region for fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibition of nausea-induced conditioned gaping in male Sprague-Dawley rats.
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Here we investigate the involvement of the ventral pallidum (VP) in the anti-nausea effect of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibition with PF-3845, and examine the pharmacological mechanism of such an effect. We explored the potential of intra-VP PF-3845 to reduce the establishment of lithium
Anandamide transport inhibition by ARN272 attenuates nausea-induced behaviour in rats, and vomiting in shrews (Suncus murinus).
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OBJECTIVE
To understand how anandamide transport inhibition impacts the regulation of nausea and vomiting and the receptor level mechanism of action involved. In light of recent characterization of an anandamide transporter, fatty acid amide hydrolase-1-like anandamide transporter, to provide
Elevation of 2-AG by monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition in the visceral insular cortex interferes with anticipatory nausea in a rat model.
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Anticipatory nausea (AN) is a conditioned nausea reaction experienced by chemotherapy patients upon returning to the clinic. Currently, there are no specific treatments for this phenomenon, with the classic antiemetic treatments (e.g., ondansetron) providing no relief. The rat model of AN,
The effect of cannabidiol and URB597 on conditioned gaping (a model of nausea) elicited by a lithium-paired context in the rat.
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BACKGROUND
Anticipatory nausea (AN) experienced by chemotherapy patients is resistant to current anti-nausea treatments. In this study, the effect of manipulation of the endocannabinoid (EC) system on a rat model of nausea (conditioned gaping) was determined.
OBJECTIVE
The potential of cannabidiol
Molecular and cellular aspects and regulation of intestinal lactase-phlorizin hydrolase.
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Carbohydrates are hydrolyzed in the intestinal lumen by specific enzymes to monosaccharides before transport across the brush border membrane of epithelial cells into the cell interior. The enzymes implicated in the digestion of carbohydrates in the intestinal lumen are membrane-bound glycoproteins
Effect of selective inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) on acute nausea, anticipatory nausea, and vomiting in rats and Suncus murinus.
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BACKGROUND
To determine the role of the endocannabinoid, 2-arachodonyl glycerol (2-AG), in the regulation of nausea and vomiting.
OBJECTIVE
We evaluated the effectiveness of the potent selective monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitor, MJN110, which selectively elevates the endocannabinoid 2-AG, to
Endocannabinoid regulation of nausea is mediated by 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the rat visceral insular cortex.
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Cannabinoid (CB) agonists suppress nausea in humans and animal models; yet, their underlying neural substrates remain largely unknown. Evidence suggests that the visceral insular cortex (VIC) plays a critical role in nausea. Given the expression of CB1 receptors and the presence of endocannabinoids
Effects of the FAAH inhibitor, URB597, and anandamide on lithium-induced taste reactivity responses: a measure of nausea in the rat.
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BACKGROUND
The endogenous cannabinoid system plays a vital role in the control of nausea and emesis. Because of the rapid breakdown and hydrolysis of endocannabinoids, such as anandamide, the therapeutic effects may be enhanced by prolonging their duration of action.
OBJECTIVE
The present experiment
Acute naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal elicits nausea-like somatic behaviors in rats in a manner suppressed by N-oleoylglycine.
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Attenuation of anticipatory nausea in a rat model of contextually elicited conditioned gaping by enhancement of the endocannabinoid system.
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BACKGROUND
Enhancement of the endocannabinoid (EC) system may reduce anticipatory nausea (AN).
OBJECTIVE
The experiments evaluated the potential of the dual fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH)/monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitor, JZL195, on its own and combined with anandamide (AEA) and
Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids.
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Considerable evidence demonstrates that manipulation of the endocannabinoid system regulates nausea and vomiting in humans and other animals. The anti-emetic effect of cannabinoids has been shown across a wide variety of animals that are capable of vomiting in response to a toxic challenge. CB(1)
[The mechanism of action of cannabis and cannabinoids].
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The effect ofcannabis can be explained on the basis of the function of the cannabinoid receptor system, which consists of CB receptors (CB1, CB2), endoligands to activate these receptors and an enzyme--fatty acid amidohydrolase--to metabolize the endoligands. The endoligands of the cannabinoid
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