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Halaman 1 dari 19 hasil
Mortality of horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) larvae in bovine dung supplemented with loline alkaloids from tall fescue.
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Larvae of arthropod ectoparasites of livestock, such as the horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.), may be exposed to acyl-loline alkaloids in dung of ruminant livestock ingesting herbage of the tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)-endophyte association [Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones & W.
Mortality of horn fly larvae (Diptera: Muscidae) in bovine dung supplemented with ergotamine and N-formyl loline.
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Dung-dwelling larvae of ectoparasites of livestock such as the horn fly, Hematobia irritans (L.), may be exposed to > or = 1 different alkaloid species in dung from animals ingesting herbage of the tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)--endophyte association (Neotyphodium coenophialum
Excretion of loline alkaloids in urine and faeces of sheep dosed with meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis) seed containing high concentrations of loline alkaloids.
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OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of oral dosing of sheep with loline alkaloids on their excretion in urine and faeces, and to monitor for any toxic effects.
METHODS
In Experiment 1, six 9-month-old ewe lambs were given a single oral dose of loline alkaloids (52 mg/kg bodyweight (BW); acute
Production of loline alkaloids by the grass endophyte, Neotyphodium uncinatum, in defined media.
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Lolines (saturated 1-aminopyrrolizidines with an oxygen bridge) are insecticidal alkaloids produced in symbioses of certain Epichloë (anamorph-Neotyphodium) species (fungal endophytes) with grasses, particularly of the genera Lolium and Festuca. Prior to the present study, it was unknown whether
Effects of elevated ultraviolet radiation and endophytic fungi on plant growth and insect feeding in Lolium perenne, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea and F. pratensis.
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Plants of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), red fescue (Festuca rubra L.), tall fescue (F. arundinacea Schreb.) and meadow fescue (F. pratensis Huds) were exposed at an outdoor facility located in Edinburgh, UK to modulated levels of UV-B radiation (280-315 nm) using banks of cellulose
Alkaloids from endophyte-infected Festuca argentina.
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Five loline-type alkaloids, the known lolinine, N-formylloline, loline, N-methylloline and the new 5,6-dehydro-N-acetylloline, were characterized from the pooid-grass endophyte-infected Festuca argentina. These compounds are not responsible for the toxicity of the plant, as shown upon i.p. injection
Thiamin supplementation and the ingestive behavior of beef cattle grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue.
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Livestock grazing endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams)-infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) perform poorly due to tall fescue toxicosis, especially when animals are under heat stress. In order to determine whether thiamin promotes recovery from tall fescue
Importance of host plant species, Neotyphodium endophyte isolate, and alkaloids on feeding by Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae.
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Three grass host species--tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreber; meadow fescue, Festuca pratensis Hudson; and perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne L.--each infected with a number of different Neotyphodium endophyte isolates, were investigated for their effects on fall armyworm, Spodoptera
Endophyte isolate and host grass effects on Chaetocnema pulicaria (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) feeding.
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Endophytic fungi belonging to the genus Neotyphodium, confer resistance to infected host grasses against insect pests. The effect of host species, and endophtye species and strain, on feeding and survival of the corn flea beetle, Chaetocnema pulicaria Melsheimer (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) was
Chemotaxis disruption in Pratylenchus scribneri by tall fescue root extracts and alkaloids.
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Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) forms a symbiotic relationship with the clavicipitalean fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum. Endophyte-infected grass is tolerant to nematode, but the factors responsible are unknown. One objective of this work was to determine if root extracts of tall fescue
Assessment of the mitogenic potential of the alkaloids produced by endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum)-infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) on bovine vascular smooth muscle in vitro.
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The objective of these experiments was to test the hypothesis that the major alkaloid classes found in endophyte-infected tall fescue could act as growth promoters for vascular smooth muscle. Bovine vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from the dorsal metatarsal artery were grown in vitro and exposed
Induction of tall fescue toxicosis in heat-stressed cattle and its alleviation with thiamin.
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Livestock grazing endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum)-infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb. cv. Kentucky 31) at high ambient temperatures may suffer from fescue toxicosis. Adult Angus cows (Bos taurus) were fed 0 to 1 kg/d of 70% infected tall fescue seed containing about 4.4 g of loline
Infection Rates and Alkaloid Patterns of Different Grass Species with Systemic Epichloë Endophytes.
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Symbiotic Epichloë species are fungal endophytes of cool-season grasses that can produce alkaloids with toxicity to vertebrates and/or invertebrates. Monitoring infections and presence of alkaloids in grasses infected with Epichloë species can provide an estimate of possible
Further investigation of equine fescue oedema induced by Mediterranean tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) infected with selected fungal endophytes (Epichloë coenophiala).
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AIMS To determine if equine fescue oedema (EFO) induced by grazing Mediterranean-type tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) infected with selected endophytes (Epichloë coenophiala) could be prevented by treatment with the corticosteroid, methylprednisolone, and anti-histamine, cetirizine, and to
Peramine and other fungal alkaloids are exuded in the guttation fluid of endophyte-infected grasses.
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Many grasses live in association with asymptomatic fungi (Neotyphodium spp. endophytes), which grow in the intercellular spaces of the grass. These endophytes produce a range of alkaloids that protect the grass against grazing by mammals and insects. One of these alkaloids is an unusual
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