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Studies in various tissues, including the kidney, have demonstrated that toxins elicit apoptosis under certain conditions and necrosis under others. The nature of the response has important consequences for the injured tissue in that necrotic cells elicit inflammatory responses, whereas apoptotic
Amphibians in the family Ranidae (true frogs) seem highly susceptible to oxalosis, particularly when fed a diet high in oxalic acid during the premetamorphic (tadpole) stage. The authors describe the mortality of 150 captive-raised wood frogs (Rana sylvatica or Lithobates sylvaticus) from oxalate
Urinary stone disease and bladder cancer are two of the most commonly seen urologic diseases in Taiwan. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is one of the cytokines secreted by macrophages and is related to a sequence of events in response to inflammation and cancer formation. We investigated the
American chestnut (Castanea dentata) was transformed with a wheat oxalate oxidase (oxo) gene in an effort to degrade the oxalic acid (OA) secreted by the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, thus decreasing its virulence. Expression of OxO was examined under two promoters: a strong constitutive
A 9-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat with dysuria, anorexia, vomiting, and lethargy was admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital. A large, firm mass was palpable in the ventral cervical region. Hypercalcemia, azotemia, and nonregenerative anemia were evident on serum biochemical
Accumulated oxalate will be excreted after renal transplantation, creating an increased risk of tubular precipitation, especially in the presence of allograft dysfunction. We evaluated calcium oxalate (CaOx) deposition in renal allograft biopsies with early dysfunction, its association with acute
BACKGROUND
Cutaneous necrosis of the proximal lower extremities in a patient with end-stage renal disease is the classic presentation of calciphylaxis, an untreatable, rare, generally fatal necrotizing cutaneous syndrome. Type 1 primary hyperoxaluria (PH-1) usually presents in childhood with
Ethylene glycol (EG) is nephrotoxic due to its metabolism. Many studies suggest that the toxicity is due to oxalate accumulation, but others have conversely suggested that toxicity results from effects of metabolites such as glycolaldehyde or glyoxylic acid on proximal tubule cells. In vivo studies
A young man presented to the emergency department with mental status changes, severe metabolic acidosis, and oliguria. Acute ethylene glycol intoxication was diagnosed. The patient suffered clinical brain death three days after admission despite intensive care and continuous hemodiafiltration. The
In the present study, we exposed rats to a crystal-inducing diet (CID) consisting of vitamin D3 and 0.5% ethylene glycol (EG), and we investigated histologically the kidney damage induced by the deposition of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals. After 28 days, 50% of the animals had renal CaOx crystals,
OBJECTIVE
Unraveling the mechanisms leading to clinically active calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone disease and the development of effective medical therapies to treat it have been hampered by the lack of appropriate animal models. To address this problem we developed a model of hyperoxaluria and calcium
Acute renal papillary necrosis occurred in five horses given normal therapeutic doses of phenylbutazone and deprived of water for 36 to 48 hours prior to euthanasia. Five horses given phenylbutazone alone and four horses subjected to water deprivation alone did not develop papillary necrosis.
BACKGROUND
The severity of ethylene glycol toxicity is related to the metabolic acidosis resulting from the biotransformation of ethylene glycol into toxic metabolites. Glycolic acid causes severe acidosis and oxalate precipitates as calcium oxalate in the kidneys and other tissues.
METHODS
An adult
Effects of naftidrofuryl oxalate (naftidrofuryl) on neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, and amino acid content of brain regions following microsphere-induced cerebral embolism were examined to elucidate its possible therapeutic effects on ischemic brain. Rats received 900 microspheres (48 microns in