palmitic acid/sembap

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N-(2-hydroxyethyl)hexadecanamide is orally active in reducing edema formation and inflammatory hyperalgesia by down-modulating mast cell activation.

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Mast cells play a key role in inflammatory reactions triggered by tissue injury or immune perturbations. Little is known about endogenous molecules and mechanisms capable of modulating inappropriate mast cell activity. N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)hexadecanamide (palmitoylethanolamide), found in peripheral

Phloretin ameliorates 2-chlorohexadecanal-mediated brain microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction in vitro.

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2-Chlorohexadecanal (2-ClHDA), a chlorinated fatty aldehyde, is formed via attack on ether-phospholipids by hypochlorous acid (HOCl) that is generated by the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride system of activated leukocytes. 2-ClHDA levels are elevated in atherosclerotic lesions, myocardial

Monounsaturated oleic acid modulates autophagy flux and upregulates angiogenic factor production in human retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells

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Aims: Dyslipidemia-associated diabetic retinopathy is featured by macular edema and retinal angiogenesis. This study investigated the in vitro lipotoxicity of free fatty acids and their modulatory roles in regulation of autophagy and

Transient formation of superoxide radicals in polyunsaturated fatty acid-induced brain swelling.

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The involvement of superoxide free radicals and lipid peroxidation in brain swelling induced by free fatty acids has been studied in brain slices and homogenates. The polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid (18:2), linolenic acid (18:3), arachidonic acid (20:4), and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6)

Enzymatic synthesis of fatty acid esters of trehalose: Process optimization, characterization of the esters and evaluation of their bioactivities.

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One-pot synthesis of caprylic, lauric and palmitic acid mono- and diesters of trehalose was catalyzed by the lipase Fermase CALB™ 10000. An optimized molar conversion of 35% of trehalose to its palmitate esters was obtained in acetone at 60 °C with a trehalose:palmitic acid molar ratio of 1:5 in 4

Artificial pulmonary surfactant as a carrier for intratracheally instilled insulin.

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OBJECTIVE The relative bioavailabilities and effects on lung injury alleviation of 4 insulin- artificial pulmonary surfactant (INS-APS) preparations were studied in normal rats. The relationship between the minimal surface tension (Gamma(min )) of INS-APS and the absorption of insulin was also

Ceramide-2 nanovesicles for effective transdermal delivery: development, characterization and pharmacokinetic evaluation.

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Abstract Context: The vesicles based on skin lipid have a drug localization effect and its main lipid, ceramide provides protective and regenerative effects while oleic acid (OA) is a penetration enhancer, however, it causes slight irritation, so we have formulated formulation incorporating both of

Dietary fat composition alters pulmonary function in pigs.

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OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect of various dietary fats on pulmonary surfactant composition and lung function changes that occur before and after endotoxin infusion in pigs. METHODS Eighteen pigs were assigned to three groups (n = 6 per group) to receive a diet of protein (20% of calories),

Changes in pulmonary surfactant during bacterial pneumonia.

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In pneumonia, bacteria induce changes in pulmonary surfactant. These changes are mediated by bacteria directly on secreted surfactant or indirectly through pulmonary type II epithelial cells. The bacterial component most likely responsible is endotoxin since gram-negative bacteria more often induce

Assessment of anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities of Cajanus cajan L. seeds cultivated in Egypt and its phytochemical composition.

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BACKGROUND Cajanus cajan L. (Fabaceae), a food crop, is widely used in traditional medicine. OBJECTIVE The phytochemical composition of C. cajan seeds and evaluation of the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant activities were studied. METHODS Unsaponifiable matter

Preparation, characterization and permeation studies of a nanovesicular system containing diclofenac for transdermal delivery.

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BACKGROUND Transdermal formulations contain permeation enhancer which causes skin damage. Ceramide 2 is natural lipid found in stratum corneum (SC). OBJECTIVE Drug-loaded nanovesicles of ceramide-2, cholesterol, palmitic acid, cholesteryl sulfate were formulated and analyzed for physical and

Development of aceclofenac nanovesicular system using biomaterial for transdermal delivery: physical characterization, ex vivo, in vivo, and anti-inflammatory studies.

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BACKGROUND Aceclofenac is an important NSAID; however, it causes GI disturbances whereas employing transdermal route would require permeation enhancer for systemic application, thereby causing skin damage. Ceramide 2 is a natural lipid having an important role in the maintenance of

Development of a new nanovesicle formulation as transdermal carrier: formulation, physicochemical characterization, permeation studies and anti-inflammatory activity.

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BACKGROUND Ibuprofen is an important NSAID, however, it can cause GI disturbances when given orally, and employment of transdermal route will require permeation enhancer causing skin injury. OBJECTIVE Drug-loaded nanovesicles of ceramide-2, cholesterol, palmitic acid, and cholesteryl sulfate (ICVG)

Diet-related toxemia in pregnancy. I. Fat, fatty acids, and cholesterol.

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Toxemia in pregnancy (preeclampsia)is characteristerized by a combination of at least two of the following clinical symptoms: hypertension, edema, and proteinuria. In three successive trials over three consecutive years, the dietary intake of a selected number of young pregnant women attending a

Skin reaction to lipids from avirulent strain Shibaura of Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni.

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Sonically disrupted cells from avirulent strain Shibaura of Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni induced a skin reaction characterized by infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) associated with some edema in guinea pigs. To determine the substance inducing infiltration of PMN,

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