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Fungicides affect Japanese beetle Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) egg hatch, larval survival and detoxification enzymes.
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BACKGROUND
Larvae of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), have a patchy distribution in soils, which complicates detection and management of this insect pest. Managed turf systems are frequently under pest pressure from fungal pathogens, necessitating frequent fungicide
Valinomycin, produced by Streptomyces sp. S8, a key antifungal metabolite in large patch disease suppressiveness.
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Large patch disease, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2, is the most devastating disease in Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica). Current large patch disease control strategies rely primarily upon the use of chemical pesticides. Streptomyces sp. S8 is known to possess exceptional antagonistic properties
Rapid development of fungicide resistance by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa on turfgrass.
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Dollar spot, caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, is the most prevalent and economically important turfgrass disease in North America. Increasing levels of fungicide resistance, coupled with tightening environmental scrutiny of existing fungicides, has left fewer options for managing dollar spot. More
Efficacy of different fungicides against Rhizoctonia brown patch and Pythium blight on turfgrass in Italy.
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Brown patch, incited by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, and Pythium blight, caused by Pythium spp. are two of the diseases most frequently observed on turfgrass in high maintenance stands, as on golf courses. In such conditions the control strategies, based on chemicals, are particularly difficult due to
Development and validation of a weather-based warning system to advise fungicide applications to control dollar spot on turfgrass.
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Dollar spot is one of the most common diseases of golf course turfgrass and numerous fungicide applications are often required to provide adequate control. Weather-based disease warning systems have been developed to more accurately time fungicide applications; however, they tend to be ineffective
Simulations of Fungicide Runoff Following Applications for Turfgrass Disease Control.
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Computer simulations of fungicide loading in surface water runoff were conducted with fungicides commonly used in golf course fairways and lawns in Kentucky. For all fungicides, values for degradation half-life and organic carbon partition coefficient were obtained from published sources; other
Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Qualitative and Quantitative Resistance to the Dicarboximide Fungicide Iprodione in Sclerotinia homoeocarpa Field Isolates.
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The dicarboximide fungicide class is commonly used to control Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, the causal agent of dollar spot on turfgrass. Despite frequent occurrences of S. homoeocarpa field resistance to iprodione (dicarboximide active ingredient), the genetic mechanisms of iprodione resistance have not
Residual Efficacy of Fungicides for Controlling Brown Patch on Creeping Bentgrass Fairways.
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Residual efficacy of five fungicides (azoxystrobin, flutolanil, metconazole, polyoxin D, and pyraclostrobin) applied to creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) maintained under golf course fairway conditions was determined using a bioassay method. During 2010 and 2011, six different field
Sensitivity Distributions of California Populations of Colletotrichum cereale to the DMI Fungicides Propiconazole, Myclobutanil, Tebuconazole, and Triadimefon.
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The baseline sensitivity of a California population of Colletotrichum cereale (turfgrass anthracnose) to the sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicide propiconazole was determined using an in vitro assay with known reproducibility. The 50% effective dose (ED50) values for
Fungicide leaching from golf greens: effects of root zone composition and surfactant use.
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Soil water repellency in golf putting greens may induce preferential "finger flow," leading to enhanced leaching of surface applied fungicides. We examined the effects of root zone composition, treatment with a non-ionic surfactant, and the use of the fungicide iprodion or a combination of
Reassessment of Fungicide Synergism for Control of Dollar Spot.
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Experiments were designed to assess reports of synergism between propiconazole and other fungicides to control dollar spot in creeping bentgrass. In 2004 and 2006, two field experiments were conducted near Griffin, GA, and repeated near West Lafayette, IN. A third experiment was conducted at the
Sorption, degradation and leaching of the fungicide iprodione in a golf green under Scandinavian conditions: measurements, modelling and risk assessment.
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In cold climates, fungicides are used on golf greens to prevent snow mould causing serious damage to the turf. However, fungicide residues have been detected in runoff from golf courses, which may lead to restrictions on use. There is therefore an urgent need to improve understanding of the
Evaluation of a Sclerotinia homoeocarpa Population with Multiple Fungicide Resistance Phenotypes Under Differing Selection Pressures.
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Dollar spot, caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, is one of the most significant diseases of cool-season turfgrass on golf courses. Resistance to the benzimidazole, dicarboximide, and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) classes and reduced sensitivity to the sterol-demethylation inhibitor (DMI)
Spatial and temporal distribution of fungicides applied to creeping bentgrass.
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Turf managers often rely on fungicides to limit damage caused by root diseases. Because fungicides are applied to aboveground surfaces and do not move basipetally, they are effective against root pathogens only when fungitoxic concentrations migrate to the rhizosphere. This research focused on the
In vitro Assessment of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa Resistance to Fungicides and Plant Growth Regulators.
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Dollar spot (caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) is the most economically important turfgrass disease in North America. This disease is primarily controlled by fungicide applications on golf courses; however, fungicide resistance has been confirmed in three of the four systemic fungicide classes
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