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Mn(III) meso-tetrakis(N-n-hexylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin, (H2O)MnTnHex-2-PyP5+ (MnHex) carrying long hexyl chains, is a lipophilic mimic of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and a redox-active drug candidate. MnHex crosses the blood-brain barrier, and improved neurologic outcome and
Manganese(III)tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (MnTMPyP), which has been known as a cell permeable superoxide dismutase mimetic, induced concentration-dependent contraction in rat carotid artery acting directly on smooth muscle. The contractile action was more prominent in the preparation from
Patients with small, non-debilitating strokes often report a reduction in quality of life due to persistent cognitive and emotional alterations. Stroke may directly damage limbic circuitry resulting in an impaired stress response, however the possibility that this may in part explain the prevalence
We investigated the influence of arachidic acid/cadmium dication (AA/Cd(2+)) as a transfer promoter for the deposition of dicyanopyrazine-linked porphyrin (2-DCPP) Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films on both hydrophobic and hydrophilic substrates. In the case of LB deposition on a hydrophilic substrate,
Oxidative stress is a major source of injury from cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. We hypothesized that a catalytic antioxidant AEOL 10150 [manganese (III) meso-tetrakis (di-N-ethylimidazole) porphyrin] would attenuate changes in brain gene expression in a mouse model of transient middle cerebral
Oxidative stress is associated with the progression of the neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's disease (PD) and cerebral ischemia. Recently, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), an intermediate in the porphyrin synthesis pathway, was reported to exert antioxidative effects on macrophages and
Intracerebroventricular treatment with redox-regulating Mn(III) N-hexylpyridylporphyrin (MnPorphyrin) is remarkably efficacious in experimental central nervous system (CNS) injury. Clinical development has been arrested because of poor blood-brain barrier penetration. Mn(III) meso-tetrakis
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) signaling after stroke may reduce brain injury, but this effect will depend on the levels of receptor and cofactors. Here, we showed that the direct effect of PPARgamma signaling to protect neurons from ischemic injury
Hemeoxygenase (HO) is an enzymatic system that degrades heme. HO-1 is an inducible isoform whereas HO-2 is constitutive. Stroke strongly induces HO-1 expression but the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Cytokines that are up-regulated after ischemia, like interleukin (IL)-10, can
There are varying reports on the prevalence of risk factors in porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT). We reviewed 84 patients with PCT in a restricted uptake area in Gothenburg, Sweden and evaluated different potential risk factors for the disease and complications. Besides a thorough medical history, the
NADPH-dependent methemoglobin reductase, first detected in erythrocytes sixty years ago, has subsequently been purified and characterized as a methylene blue reductase and a flavin reductase. The reductase plays no role in methemoglobin reduction under normal conditions, but its activity serves as
CONCLUSIONS
Metalloporphyrins, characterized by a redox-active transitional metal (Mn or Fe) coordinated to a cyclic porphyrin core ligand, mitigate oxidative/nitrosative stress in biological systems. Side-chain substitutions tune redox properties of metalloporphyrins to act as potent superoxide
OBJECTIVE
Angiotensin II (Ang II) exerts deleterious effect on the cerebral circulation through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the enzymatic source of the ROS has not been defined. We tested the hypothesis that Ang II impairs endothelium-dependent responses in the cerebral
Aging is associated with cerebrovascular dysregulation, which may underlie the increased susceptibility to ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment occurring in the elder individuals. Although it has long been known that oxidative stress is responsible for the cerebrovascular dysfunction,
Expression of TNF-alpha, a pleiotropic cytokine, is elevated during stroke and cerebral ischemia. TNF-alpha regulates arterial diameter, although mechanisms mediating this effect are unclear. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that TNF-alpha regulates the diameter of resistance-sized (