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The synthesis of phytochelatins (PCs) is essential for the detoxification of nonessential metals and metalloids such as cadmium and arsenic in plants and a variety of other organisms. To our knowledge, no direct evidence for a role of PCs in essential metal homeostasis has been reported to date.
The Zn/Cd-transporting ATPases, HMA2 and HMA4, essential for root-to-shoot Zn translocation, are also able to transport Cd. Phytochelatins (PCs) are a major mechanism of Cd detoxification through the sequestration of PC-Cd complexes in vacuoles. The roles of HMA2 and HMA4 in root-to-shoot Cd
Plants use several pathways to synthesize phosphatidylcholine (PC), the major phospholipid of eukaryotic cells, which has important structural and signalling roles. One is the phospho-base methylation pathway, which forms the head-group phosphocholine (PCho) through the triple methylation of