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Saponaria officinalis L. (Caryophyllaceae), also known as fuller's herb or soapwort is a medicinal plant, which grows from Europe to Central Asia. Medicinal properties attributed to this plant include its antitussive and galactogogue properties. Recently, bisdesmodic saponins with very specific
The ribosome-inactivating protein saporin, from Saponaria officinalis, was coupled by a disulfide bond to monoclonal anti-Thy 1.1 antibody (OX7) and to its F(ab')2 fragment. The immunotoxins were at least as toxic as the plant toxin ricin to the Thy 1.1-expressing cell lines AKR-A and BW5147 in
Eight saporin peaks were obtained from the purification of seed extracts of Saponaria officinalis L. Saporin peak No. 6 (SAP-6) showed the highest activity in the inhibition of protein synthesis (98%) in an in vitro translation study. An immunotoxin (IT) was prepared from SAP-6 conjugated to a
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are a family of plant toxins that permanently damage ribosomes and possibly other cellular substrates, thus causing cell death. RIPs are mostly divided in two types: Type 1 RIPs that are single-chain enzymatic proteins, and type 2 RIPs that consist of an active
Type I ribosome inactivating proteins such as saporin from the plant Saponaria officinalis L. are widely used as toxin moieties of targeted anti-tumor toxins. For exerting cytotoxicity the toxin moieties have to be released into the cytosol of tumor cells. However the cytosolic transfer of toxin
BACKGROUND
The authors attached basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), a growth factor for numerous tumors and normal cell types, to saporin (SAP), a ribosome-inactivating protein isolated from the plant Saponaria officinalis. The conjugate (FGF-SAP) then was tested for antitumor activity using
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are enzymes with N-glycosylase activity that remove adenine bases from the ribosomal RNA. In theory, one single RIP molecule internalized into a cell is sufficient to induce cell death. For this reason, RIPs are of high potential as toxic payload for anti-tumor
Saponins are amphiphilic secondary plant compounds able to interfere with surfaces and permeabilize membranes. In addition to antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory features, anti-neoplastic activities are described which base on various mechanisms. A very promising anti-cancer strategy is the
Saporin-S6 is a plant toxin belonging to the type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) family. Since it was extracted and isolated from Saponaria officinalis for the first time almost thirty years ago, the protein has been widely studied mainly for its potential applications in anti-tumour and
Human papillomavirus (HPV) tumor disease is a critical public health problem worldwide, especially in the developing countries. The recognized pathogenic function of E5, E6, and E7 oncoproteins offers the opportunity to devise therapeutic vaccines based on engineered recombinant proteins. The
The hydromethanolic extract of Sapindus saponaria L. aerial parts was investigated for antimicrobial activity (against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi) and capacity to inhibit the growth of different human tumor cell lines as also nontumor liver cells. The evaluated
Quillaja saponaria (Quillay), an evergreen tree found in Chile, is one of the main sources of saponins. Quillaja saponins have hypocholesterolaemic, anticarcinogenic, antioxidant and pesticidal properties, and are used as adjuvants for vaccines. Samples of Quillay growing at three zones in O'Higgins
The cytotoxic mechanism of the saponin QS-21 and its aglycone quillaic acid (QA) was studied on human gastric cancer cells (SNU1 and KATO III). Both compounds showed in vitro cytotoxic activity with IC50 values: 7.1 μM (QS-21) and 13.6 μM (QA) on SNU1 cells; 7.4 μM (QS-21) and 67 μM (QA)
Quillaja saponaria Molina represents the main source of saponins for industrial applications. Q. saponaria triterpenoids have been studied for more than four decades and their relevance is due to their biological activities, especially as a vaccine adjuvant and immunostimulant, which
QS-7-Api is an exceedingly potent immuno-adjuvant isolated from the bark of Quillaja saponaria. It is significantly less toxic than QS-21, a related saponin that is currently the favored adjuvant in anticancer and antiviral vaccine clinical trials. Tedious isolation/purification protocols and