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strophanthidin/hypoxia
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Effect of in utero hypoxia on the ouabain/strophanthidin binding site of the fetal guinea pig brain cell membrane Na+,K(+)-ATPase.
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This study investigates the effect of hypoxia on the high affinity strophanthidin/ouabain binding site of brain cell membrane Na+,K(+)-ATPase in 30, 45 and 60 day (term) fetal guinea pigs. Studies were performed on 30 fetuses randomized to either normoxic or hypoxic conditions. The hypoxic fetuses
EFFECT OF ACETYL STROPHANTHIDIN THERAPY ON CARDIAC DYNAMICS, OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND EFFICIENCY IN THE ISOLATED HEART WITH AND WITHOUT HYPOXIA.
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Effects of hypoxia and metabolic inhibition on the intracellular sodium activity of mammalian ventricular muscle.
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1. Intracellular Na+ activity (aiNa) has been measured in Purkinje fibres from sheep heart and in ventricular muscle from rabbit heart during hypoxia and metabolic inhibition. The aiNa was measured using liquid sensor ion-sensitive microelectrodes. 2. Hypoxia, produced by replacement of O2 with N2
On the mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced membrane depolarization in striatal neurons.
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Clinical and experimental evidence has shown that the striatal neurons are particularly vulnerable to hypoxia and ischaemia. An excessive excitatory action of glutamate, released by the corticostriatal terminals, has been implicated in this peculiar vulnerability of striatal neurons. We have studied
Effect of anoxia on intracellular and extracellular potassium activity in hypoglossal neurons in vitro.
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1. A brain slice preparation was used to study the hypoglossal (XII) neuronal response to anoxia. Both intra- and extracellular potassium activities (K+i,K+o) were measured by the use of ion-selective microelectrodes, and K+ flux was assessed by the use of pharmacologic blockers. 2. Extracellular
Reversal of strophanthidin negative inotropy by metabolic substrates in cardiac Purkinje fibres.
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The action of substrates and metabolic inhibitors on strophanthidin inotropy was studied in canine cardiac Purkinje fibres perfused in vitro. Both membrane potentials and contractile force were recorded. The results show that: 1) pyruvate (1 to 10 mmol X litre-1) decreases and then increases
The effect of metabolic inhibitors on strophanthidin-induced arrhythmias and contracture in cardiac purkinje fibers.
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The effect of different metabolic inhibitors on the induction of spontaneous rhythms by strophanthidin was studied in canine cardiac Purkinje fibers perfused in vitro. Both the electrical and mechanical activity were recorded. Strophanthidin caused its usual effects (an increase and then a decrease
Heterogeneity in cellular response and intracellular distribution of Ca2+ concentration during and after metabolic inhibition.
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OBJECTIVE
To characterise cell injury during myocardial hypoxia and reoxygenation, [Ca2+]i was measured in guinea pig ventricular myocytes using digital images of fura-2 fluorescence.
METHODS
[Ca2+]i and cell morphology were measured during and after the perfusion of 2 mmol.litre-1 sodium cyanide
Lack of correlation between the antiarrhythmic effect of L-propionylcarnitine on reoxygenation-induced arrhythmias and its electrophysiological properties.
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1. The antiarrhythmic effect of L-propionylcarnitine (L-PC) was evaluated in the guinea-pig isolated heart; arrhythmias were induced with hypoxia followed by reoxygenation and by digitalis intoxication. 2. L-PC 1 microM, was found to be the minimal but effective antiarrhythmic concentration against
Myocardial energetics during ventricular fibrillation investigated by magnetization transfer nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
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Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is known to produce alterations in myocardial energetics, but the mechanism of these changes remains unclear. To investigate energy metabolism during VF, phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetization transfer were applied to isolated perfused
The influence of the transmembrane sodium gradient on the responses of pulmonary arteries to decreases in oxygen tension.
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A Na/Ca exchange system has been demonstrated in systemic vascular smooth muscle and has been suggested as a mechanism for the entry and extrusion of Ca2+. Using isolated rings of bovine intrapulmonary arteries, we sought to determine whether a Na/Ca exchange mechanism is present in pulmonary
O2 deprivation induces a major depolarization in brain stem neurons in the adult but not in the neonatal rat.
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1. In order to study the neuronal response to hypoxia with maturation, hypoglossal neurons from adult and neonatal rat (3-7, 14-16, 21 and 28 days) brain stem slices were subjected to O2 deprivation. All neurons depolarized and showed no evidence of hyperpolarization at any time during the hypoxic
Extracellular pH in the isolated retina of the toad in darkness and during illumination.
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1. Extracellular pH (pHo) was measured in the isolated retina preparation of the toad, Bufo marinus, using H(+)-selective microelectrodes. During superfusion with phosphate-buffered solution (pH 7.8), which had a low buffering capacity, pHo in the inner retina was 7.0-7.2 and there was a pHo
Fluorometric measurement of pyridine nucleotide reduction in the giant axon of the squid.
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By monitoring the fluorescence of the isolated giant axon of the squid Loligo pealei, it was possible to follow changes in its oxidation-reduction state as caused by the action of anoxia, cyanide, Amytal, and azide. The response to oxygen depletion was very rapid, the NAD within the axon being 90%
Electrophysiological mechanisms for the antiarrhythmic action of mexiletine on digitalis-, reperfusion- and reoxygenation-induced arrhythmias.
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The antiarrhythmic potency of mexiletine was evaluated on three groups of guinea-pig isolated hearts. Arrhythmias were induced (a) with digitalis intoxication, (b) with hypoxia followed by reoxygenation and (c) with ischaemia followed by reperfusion. Mexiletine 10 microM was found to be very
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