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A single episode of neonatal seizures alters the cerebellum of immature rats.
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OBJECTIVE
to test whether a single episode of early-life seizures may interfere with the development of the cerebellum. The cerebellum is particularly vulnerable in infants, since it is characterized by an important postnatal histogenesis that leads to the settling of adult
RB and Cdc2 expression in brain: correlations with 3H-thymidine incorporation and neurogenesis.
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Expression of the cell cycle regulatory proteins RB and p34cdc2 was examined in the adult rat brain, with special emphasis on proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the hippocampal formation and olfactory bulb. RB-like immunoreactivity (RB-IR) was detected throughout the brain, with
Reduced neurogenesis after neonatal seizures.
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Although neonatal seizures are quite common, there is controversy regarding their consequences. Despite considerable evidence that seizures may cause less cell loss in young animals compared with mature animals, there are nonetheless clear indications that seizures may have other potentially
Thymidine kinase gene therapy for human malignant glioma, using replication-deficient retroviruses or adenoviruses.
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Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV tk) gene therapy combined with ganciclovir (GCV) medication is a potential new method for the treatment of malignant glioma. We have used both retrovirus-packaging cells (PA317/tk) and adenoviruses (Adv/tk) for gene therapy for malignant glioma.
Inosine, an endogenous ligand of the brain benzodiazepine receptor, antagonizes pentylenetetrazole-evoked seizures.
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Partially purified extracts of bovine brain were previously found to inhibit competitively the binding of [3H]-diazepam to rat brain synaptosomal membranes. The purines inosine and hypoxanthine were subsequently identified as the compounds responsible for this inhibitory activity.
Thymidine kinase 2 defects can cause multi-tissue mtDNA depletion syndrome.
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Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS) is a severe recessively inherited disease of childhood. It manifests most often in infancy, is rapidly progressive and leads to early death. MDS is caused by an increasing number of nuclear genes leading to multisystemic or tissue-specific decrease in
Glial reaction after seizure induced hippocampal lesion: immunohistochemical characterization of proliferating glial cells.
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Kainic acid treatment (a model of temporal lobe epilepsy) induces Ammon's horn sclerosis, which is characterized by degeneration of CA3 pyramidal neurons and reactive gliosis. In the present study we have combined autoradiographic analysis of 3H-thymidine incorporation and immunocytochemistry to
[Demonstration and partial purification of a convulsant from Cnestis glabra (Connaracea): effect on cells in culture].
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A dialysable and thermostable compound was partially purified from Cnestis glabra (Connaracea) seeds. It is insoluble in organic solvents. At a dose corresponding to 0.5 g of seeds it has a lethal effect on mice after convulsive attacks. Sodium dipropylacetate, an anticonvulsive agent prevents the
Treatment of advanced CNS malignancies with the recombinant adenovirus H5.010RSVTK: a phase I trial.
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Primary CNS malignancies are responsible for approximately 12,000 deaths annually in the United States. There has been little change in the outcome for adults with malignant brain tumors over the past few decades, despite improvements in surgical techniques and advances in radiation therapy. These
Differential responses of endogenous adult mouse neural precursors to excess neuronal excitation.
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Adult neurogenesis in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus (SGZ) is enhanced by excess as well as mild neuronal excitation, such as chemoconvulsant-induced brief seizures. Because most studies of neurogenesis after seizures have focused on the SGZ, the threshold of neuronal excitation required to
A transgenic mouse model for inducible and reversible dysmyelination.
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Oligodendrocytes are glial cells devoted to the production of myelin sheaths. Myelination of the CNS occurs essentially after birth. To delineate both the times of oligodendrocyte proliferation and myelination, as well as to study the consequence of dysmyelination in vivo, a model of inducible
Neurogenic function in rats with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis that experienced early-life status epilepticus.
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Status epilepticus in the adult brain invariably causes an increase in hippocampal neurogenesis and the appearance of ectopic cells and this has been implicated as a causal factor in epileptogenesis. The effect of status epilepticus on neurogenesis in the developing brain is less well characterized
Intracranial administration of adenovirus expressing HSV-TK in combination with ganciclovir produces a dose-dependent, self-limiting inflammatory response.
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Replication-defective adenovirus expressing the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene (H5.010RSVtk) may be useful in treating human gliomas. To determine the toxicity of this therapeutic strategy, we injected H5.010RSVtk stereotactically into the normal brain of Wistar rats, cotton rats, and rhesus
Massive breast enlargement in an infant girl with central nervous system dysfunction.
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A 6-month-old female is described who presented with severe idiopathic macromastia. The breast enlargement began at 2 months of age and progressed such that subtotal mastectomies were necessary at 23 months. Extensive hormonal evaluation prior to surgery revealed no evidence of estrogenization or
Cerebellar precursors transplanted to the neonatal dentate gyrus express features characteristic of hippocampal neurons.
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During the development of the CNS, a salient issue is whether neuronal phenotype is defined by the lineage or by the environment of precursor cells. Transplants permit these two possibilities to be tested, as cell fate can be examined in a new location. Dissociated cerebellar cells from newborn rats
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