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Cytokinin is an indispensable phytohormone responsible for physiological processes ranging from root development to leaf senescence. The term "cytokinin" refers to several dozen adenine-derived compounds occurring naturally in plants. Cytokinins (CKs) can be divided into various classes
We describe a new enzymatic reaction method for the preparation of the radioisotope-labeled cytokinins isopentenyladenine (iP), trans-zeatin (tZ), and their ribosides. The method is based on the three enzyme activities of an adenylate isopentenyltransferase (IPT; EC 2.5.1.27) from Arabidopsis
Diversity of cytokinin (CK) metabolites suggests their interconversions to be the predominant regulatory mechanism of CK action. Despite that, little is still known about their directionality and kinetics in planta. CK metabolite levels were measured in two-week-old Arabidopsis thaliana plants at
Plants face temporal and spatial variation in nitrogen (N) availability. This includes heterogeneity in soil nitrate (NO3-) content. To overcome these constraints, plants modify their gene expression and physiological processes to optimize N acquisition. This plasticity relies on a complex
Trans-zeatin is a kind of cytokinins that plays a crucial role in plant growth and development. The master trans-zeatin O-glucosyltransferase of Arabidopsis thaliana, UGT85A1, has been previously identified through biochemical approach. To determine the in planta role of UGT85A1 gene, the
Recently, a novel type of abiotic stress caused by a prolongation of the light period - coined photoperiod stress - has been described in Arabidopsis. During the night after the prolongation of the light period, stress and cell death marker genes are induced. The next day, strongly stressed plants
Plants produce the common isoprenoid precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) through the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway in plastids and the mevalonate (MVA) pathway in the cytosol. To assess which pathways contribute DMAPP for cytokinin biosynthesis,
Cytokinins (CKs), a group of phytohormones, are adenine derivatives that carry either an isoprene-derived or an aromatic side chain at the N(6) terminus. trans-Zeatin (tZ), an isoprenoid CK, is assumed to play a central physiological role because of its general occurrence and high activity in
Cytokinin (CK) is a plant hormone that plays important regulatory roles in many aspects of plant growth and development. Although functions of CK and its biosynthesis pathway have been studied extensively, there is still no efficient biosynthesis inhibitor, which would be useful for studying CK from
Organ-to-organ signal transmission is essential for higher organisms to ensure coordinated biological reactions during metabolism and morphogenesis. Similar to organs in animals, plant organs communicate by various signalling molecules. Among them, cytokinins, a class of phytohormones, play a key
A strategy to detect and quantify the polar ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropan-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) along with the more apolar phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), jasmonic acid (JA), jasmonic acid-isoleucine conjugate (JA-Ile), 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA),
Several members of WOX and KNOX gene families and several plant growth regulators, basically cytokinins and auxins, play a key role during adventitious caulogenesis in the conifer Pinus pinea. Similar to Arabidopsis thaliana, Pinus pinea shoot organogenesis is a multistep process. However, there are
Studies on natural variation are an important tool to unravel the genetic basis of quantitative traits in plants. Despite the significant roles of phytohormones in plant development, including root architecture, hardly any studies have been done to investigate natural variation in endogenous hormone
BACKGROUND
Although cytokinins have been known for decades to play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and development, our knowledge of the regulatory mechanism of endogenous content of specific cytokinins remains limited.
RESULTS
Here, we characterized two SOB five-like (SOFL) genes,
In higher plants, inorganic nitrogen has crucial effects on growth and development, providing cellular components and modulating gene expression. To date, not only nitrogen assimilatory genes but also a substantial number of genes with other functions have been shown to be selectively regulated by