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xanthine/hypoxia

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OBJECTIVE Endothelial damage is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, thrombosis and hypertension. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are primitive bone marrow (BM) cells that possess the capacity to mature into endothelial cells and play a role in
Exposure of newborn calves to chronic hypoxia causes pulmonary artery (PA) hypertension and remodeling. Previous studies showed that the redox-sensitive transcription factor, early growth response-1 (Egr-1), is upregulated in the PA of chronically hypoxic calves and regulates cell proliferation.

Effects of adenosine and xanthine derivatives on breathing during acute hypoxia in the anesthetized newborn piglet.

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Neonates of animals and humans exhibit a paradoxical ventilatory response to hypoxia characterized by an initial increase in minute ventilation followed by a late, sustained decrease. Exogenous adenosine analogues cause respiratory depression, and the xanthine derivative aminophylline, a competitive
OBJECTIVE Although in tissue injury following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) an increased endothelial formation of superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) plays an important role, it is still not fully understood which of the potential enzymatic sources of endothelial O(2)(-) are crucially involved. In this study,

Phosphorylation of xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase in hypoxia.

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The enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several disease processes, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, because of its ability to generate reactive oxygen species. The expression of XO and its precursor xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is regulated at pre- and
A technetium(V)oxo nitroimidazole complex that shows promise for imaging regional hypoxia in vivo, [BMS-181321, TcO(PnAO-1-(2-nitroimidazole))] (1) was prepared from 3,3,9,9-tetramethyl-1-(2-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-4,8-diazaundecane -2,10-dione dioxime, a 2-nitroimidazole-containing derivative of
Hypoxanthine, xanthine, inosine, urate and uridine, were measured in 149 samples of umbilical cord plasma using high pressure liquid chromatography. In spite of a good correlation with the simpler oxygen consumption method for measuring hypoxanthine, there was no clear discrimination between hypoxic

Role of xanthine oxidase and its inhibitor in hypoxia: reoxygenation injury.

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OBJECTIVE This article reviews the biochemistry and function of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and xanthine oxidase (XO) as well as their role in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Possible benefits of XO blockade are discussed. METHODS The available literature was reviewed. RESULTS It is evident that
OBJECTIVE To determine if resuscitation with room air is as effective as resuscitation with an FIO2 of 1.0. METHODS Prospective, randomized laboratory study. METHODS Experimental laboratory (neonatal or delivery ward). METHODS Twenty piglets, 1 to 2 wks of age. METHODS Piglets were randomized into
Infants with sudden infant death syndrome have higher hypoxanthine (Hx) concentrations in their vitreous humor than infants with respiratory distress syndrome and other infant control populations. However, previous research on piglets and pigs applying continuous hypoxemia has not been able to
An investigation was made to determine the effects of age and sex on postmortem concentrations (mumol/l) of inosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, uric acid, uracil and uridine in the vitreous humor of chickens (Gallus domesticus). Five male and 5 female chickens were sampled each week from 0-10 weeks of

Cyclin-dependent kinase five mediates activation of lung xanthine oxidoreductase in response to hypoxia.

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BACKGROUND Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is involved in oxidative metabolism of purines and is a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). As such, XOR has been implicated in oxidant-mediated injury in multiple cardiopulmonary diseases. XOR enzyme activity is regulated, in part, via a

Rapid conversion to high xanthine oxidase activity in viable Kupffer cells during hypoxia.

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It has been widely postulated that the central mechanism of hepatic reperfusion injury involves the conversion, during ischemia, of the enzyme xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) to its free radical-producing form, xanthine oxidase (XOD). However, this theory has been questioned because (a) XDH to XOD

Conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase as a possible marker for hypoxia in tumours and normal tissues.

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The enzyme activities of endogenous xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and xanthine oxidase (XO) have been measured in 10 different types of mouse tumour and seven normal tissues. The conversion of XDH to XO has been observed in two tumour types upon the prolonged clamping off of the blood supply to the

Plasma xanthine oxidase activity correlates with the resistance to severe hypoxia in different species.

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A rapid polarographic method of measuring the O-form of xanthine oxidase (XOD) is described. Activities of this enzyme and oxypurine concentrations were measured in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 1, 12, 25 and 60-day-old rats. In the CSF, the highest oxypurine concentration was found in
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