1 4 dihydropyridine/ischemia

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Nimodipine in otolaryngology: from past evidence to clinical perspectives.

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As L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) control Ca(2+) influx and depolarisation of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle, they represent a specific therapeutic target for calcium channel blockers (CCBs), which are approved and widely used to treat hypertension, myocardial ischaemia and

Activation of hippocampal adenosine A3 receptors produces a desensitization of A1 receptor-mediated responses in rat hippocampus.

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The adenosine A3 receptor is expressed in brain, but the consequences of activation of this receptor on electrophysiological activity are unknown. We have characterized the actions of a selective adenosine A3 receptor agonist, 2-chloro-N6-(3-lodobenzyl)-adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide (Cl-IB-MECA),

Nicardipine reduces the levels of leukotriene C4 and prostaglandin E2, following different ischemic periods in rat brain tissue.

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Ischemic depolarization of nerve membranes is associated with a rapid influx of calcium into the cell, resulting in production of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites. These metabolites, particularly leukotriene C4 (LTC4) have a very potent vasoconstrictor effect on cerebral arteries inducing vasogenic

Cardiovascular effects of nicardipine.

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Nicardipine, a new 1-4 dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, has chemical properties that allow oral and stable intravenous preparations. It is the first intravenous dihydropyridine calcium antagonist available in the United States. Among its drug class it has a unique chemical structure that affords

Cellular action of nicardipine.

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Nicardipine, a calcium antagonist of the 1:4 dihydropyridine type, has been used to treat angina and hypertension and is currently being examined as an agent for treating ischemia of cerebral and myocardial tissue. Nicardipine shows high affinity for the dihydropyridine binding site (pKi = 9.7) and

Inosine reduces ischemic brain injury in rats.

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OBJECTIVE Purinergic nucleoside inosine elicits protection and regeneration during various injuries. The purpose of this study was to examine the protective effects of inosine against cerebral ischemia. METHODS Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized. Inosine, hypoxathine, or vehicle was

A physiological role of the adenosine A3 receptor: sustained cardioprotection.

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Adenosine released during cardiac ischemia exerts a potent, protective effect in the heart. A newly recognized adenosine receptor, the A3 subtype, is expressed on the cardiac ventricular cell, and its activation protects the ventricular heart cell against injury during a subsequent exposure to

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Herbal & Natural Medicine

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