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Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been used extensively in cancer therapy. However, more than half of glioblastoma multiforme are insensitive to the apoptotic effect of TRAIL. Improvement in therapeutic modalities that enhances the efficacy of TRAIL in glioma is
BACKGROUND
In ischemia-reperfusion, contraction band necrosis (CBN) is distributed mainly to the lateral border of the risk area and does not spread into the non-risk area beyond the border. It has been suggested that CBN is propagated through gap junctions (GJs), but it is unclear how GJs transmit
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant tumor of the brain and is challenging to treat due to its highly invasive nature and heterogeneity. Malignant brain tumor displays high metabolic activity which perturbs its redox environment and in turn translates to high oxidative stress. Thus, pushing
Carbenoxolone (CBX) is the active principle of licorice, which is used to treat psoriasis, peptic ulcers, and wound healing. However, there is no report on how CBX ameliorates hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammation in obese mice. In this study, our aim is to explore the mechanism by which CBX
OBJECTIVE
11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11beta-HSD2), which requires oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as a cofactor, metabolizes endogenous glucocorticoids. Since 11beta-HSD2 has been detected in lung epithelial cells, we examined whether carbenoxolone, a potent inhibitor of
The substantial activation of microglia in Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)-induced Japanese encephalitis found in numerous studies demonstrates that the disease pathogenesis involves bystander damage caused by microglia-released mediators. Previously, we reported that microglia synthesized and
To assess the hypothesis that gap junctions (GJs) participate on leukocyte-endothelium interactions in the inflammatory response, we compared leukocyte adhesion and transmigration elicited by cytokine stimulation in the presence or absence of GJ blockers in the hamster cheek pouch and also in the
Recent in vitro studies have shown the involvement of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the regulation of the local metabolism of glucocorticoids via 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and type 2 (11HSD1 and 11HSD2). However, direct in vivo evidence for a relationship among the local metabolism
Various so-called "cytoprotective" agents (sucralfate, carbenoxolone, 16,16-dimethyl-PGE2, sulglycotide and Maalox TC) have been tested on rats, with the aim of quantifying their capability to prevent ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage. Rats fasted for 48 hours received 1 ml of 80% ethanol by
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the role of gap-junction in suspended animation for hemorrhagic shock with brain injury.
METHODS
Twenty-four SD rats were made into models of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock and occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries and randomly divided into 3 equal groups:
Background and objectives: Gap junctions play a pivotal role in contributing to the formation of astroglial networks and in chronic pain. However, the mechanisms underlying the dysfunction of astroglial gap junctions in chronic pain have
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is found in many foods, including coffee, berries, potatoes, carrots, wine, apples, and various herbs, and has anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antitumoral actions. The CGA is well absorbed orally, and its effects on gastric ulcer have not been previously reported. The
Spondias purpurea is used in folk medicine to treat diarrhea and diuresis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profile and antioxidant and antiulcer activities of the hexane extract of the leaves of S. purpurea (SpHE). Phytochemical profile was evaluated via thin layer