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Trends in cardiovascular disease risk factors by obesity level in adults in the United States, NHANES 1999-2010.

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OBJECTIVE To assess whether trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors by among overweight and obese US adults have improved. METHODS The study included 10,568 adults 18 years and older who participated in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2010. CVD risk factors included

Passive Smoke Exposure and Its Effects on Cognition, Sleep, and Health Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Children.

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BACKGROUND Passive smoke exposure (PSE) may be a risk factor for childhood overweight and obesity and is associated with worse neurocognitive development, cognition, and sleep in children. The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of PSE on adiposity, cognition, and sleep in overweight and

Serum cotinine levels and prehypertension in never smokers.

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Background. Few studies have shown that self-reported secondhand smoke exposure in never smokers is associated with high blood pressure. However, there are no studies investigating the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure, measured objectively by serum cotinine levels, and high blood

Association between secondhand smoke and obesity and glucose abnormalities: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2010).

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OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between cotinine level-confirmed secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and glycemic parameters and obesity. METHODS We examined a cohort of 6472 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1999-2010. Serum

A prospective study of obesity, lipids, apolipoproteins and ischaemic heart disease in women.

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The aim of the study was to examine the relationships of obesity, lipids and apolipoproteins with the risk for subsequent ischaemic heart disease in middle-aged women, using a case-control study nested within a cohort study. A total of 3634 women aged 26-88 were recruited in Guernsey between 1977

Association between cotinine-verified smoking status and metabolic syndrome: analyses of Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2008-2010.

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BACKGROUND The association between smoking and metabolic syndrome has not been clarified, especially for women, probably because of the inaccurate self-reported smoking status. This study aimed to investigate the association between cotinine-verified smoking status and metabolic syndrome. METHODS A

Tobacco Exposure as Determined by Serum Cotinine and Subclinical Myocardial Injury in Individuals Free from Cardiovascular Disease.

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Tobacco exposure including second-hand smoke is the leading preventable cause of premature death in the United States. Serum cotinine, a highly sensitive and specific biomarker for tobacco exposure, is a more accurate measure of tobacco exposure than self-reported smoking status. Although the

Synergistic interaction between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and environmental tobacco smoke on the risk of obesity in children and adolescents: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2008.

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BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may be obesogens. However, the role of PAHs independent of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is unclear, and the interaction between PAHs and ETS remains unknown. METHODS We performed cross-sectional analyses of urinary concentrations of PAH

Electronic cigarettes cause alteration in cardiac structure and function in diet-induced obese mice

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In spite of the widespread use of electronic cigarettes, also known as e-cigarettes, and the proposed adverse cardiac effects of nicotine, the detrimental effects of e-cigarettes on the heart are not well known. This study examines the detrimental effects of e-cigarettes with nicotine at doses that

Interactions between Diet and Exposure to Secondhand Smoke on the Prevalence of Childhood Obesity: Results from NHANES, 2007-2010.

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Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) may increase risk for obesity, but few studies have investigated the joint effects of exposure to SHS and diet. We examined the interaction of exposure to SHS and diet on the prevalence of obesity among 6- to 19-year-olds who participated in the 2007-2010 National

Secondhand Smoke is Associated with Hearing Threshold Shifts in Obese Adults.

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Hearing loss resulted from multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Secondhand smoke (SHS) and obesity had been reported to be related to hearing loss. This study explored the possible associations of SHS and obesity with the hearing threshold. The relations between SHS and the hearing threshold in

Association of bisphenol A exposure with overweight in the elderly: a panel study.

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Bisphenol A (BPA) is an ubiquitous chemical, which is an endocrine disruptor. Recent epidemiological studies have suggested a relationship between BPA exposure and body weight. However, most of these studies were cross-sectional and not on elderly people. We conducted a panel study with repeated

Smoking and weight loss attempts in overweight and normal-weight adolescents.

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OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between smoking and dieting in a cross-sectional nationally representative sample of young adolescents. METHODS Smoking was assessed by serum cotinine concentrations in 1132 adolescents aged 12-18 y enrolled in the NHANES III study. Information on adolescents'

Relationship between amounts of daily cigarette consumption and abdominal obesity moderated by CYP2A6 genotypes in Chinese male current smokers.

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BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for abdominal obesity. However, the degree to which the CYP2A6 genotype moderates the relationship between smoking and abdominal obesity has not been established. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate whether or not the relationship between

Increased saliva cotinine concentrations in smokers during rapid weight loss.

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Although the effect of smoking cessation on weight gain is well-documented, little is known about the effect of weight loss on smoking. We examined the association between saliva cotinine levels and weight loss in a group of 9 obese female smokers during participation in a protein-sparing modified

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