gastroesophageal reflux/kannabis

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Discovery of agonists of cannabinoid receptor 1 with restricted central nervous system penetration aimed for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

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Agonists of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) have been suggested as possible treatments for a range of medical disorders including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). While centrally acting cannabinoid agonists are known to produce psychotropic effects, it has been suggested that the CB1

Potential role of the cannabinoid receptor CB in the pathogenesis of erosive and non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

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BACKGROUND Cannabinoid (CB) receptors have been located in brain areas involved in the triggering of TLESRs as well as in the nodose ganglion from which vagal afferents emanate. The distribution of CB(1) receptors has been investigated in the human gastrointestinal mucosa, as expression of

Cannabinoid CB(2) receptor activation prevents bronchoconstriction and airway oedema in a model of gastro-oesophageal reflux.

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Cannabinoids have been shown to inhibit sensory nerve activation in guinea-pigs and humans. Their effects are mediated by specific activation of two types of receptors, named CB(1) and CB(2). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of WIN 55,212-2,

The gastrointestinal pharmacology of cannabinoids: focus on motility.

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The marijuana plant Cannabis sp. and its derivatives and analogues, known as cannabinoids (CBs), induce many effects throughout the whole body. Herein we briefly review the gastrointestinal (GI) pharmacology of CBs, with special focus on motor function. Some drugs are available to treat nausea and

Localization of mGluR5, GABAB, GABAA, and cannabinoid receptors on the vago-vagal reflex pathway responsible for transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation in humans: an immunohistochemical study.

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BACKGROUND Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) are the predominant mechanisms underlying gastro-esophageal reflux. TLESRs are mediated by a vago-vagal reflex, which can be blocked by interaction with metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (mGluR5), γ-aminobutyric acid type B

Cannabinoid receptor agonism inhibits transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations and reflux in dogs.

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OBJECTIVE Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) are the major cause of gastroesophageal acid reflux, and are triggered by postprandial gastric distention. Stimulation of GABA(B) receptors potently inhibits triggering of TLESR by gastric loads. The functional similarity between

Cannabinoids for gastrointestinal diseases: potential therapeutic applications.

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Delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (the active ingredient of marijuana), as well as endogenous and synthetic cannabinoids, exert many biological functions by activating two types of cannabinoid receptors, CB(1) and CB(2) receptors. CB(1) receptors have been detected on enteric nerves, and pharmacological

The gastrointestinal pharmacology of cannabinoids: an update.

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Recent work in the field of gastrointestinal pharmacology of cannabinoids has focused on enteric endocannabinoid and endovanilloid systems and their modulation in pathophysiological conditions. CB(1) receptor immunoreactivity was detected on enteric cholinergic neurones and vasoactive intestinal

Effect of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, a cannabinoid receptor agonist, on the triggering of transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations in dogs and humans.

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OBJECTIVE Transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) are the main mechanism underlying gastro-oesophageal reflux and are a potential pharmacological treatment target. We evaluated the effect of the CB(1)/CB(2) receptor agonist delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta(9)-THC) on TLESRs in

Cannabinoids and the digestive tract.

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In the digestive tract there is evidence for the presence of high levels of endocannabinoids (anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol) and enzymes involved in the synthesis and metabolism of endocannabinoids. Immunohistochemical studies have shown the presence of CB1 receptors on myenteric and

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