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BACKGROUND
Past practices of compound drugs from different plant ingredients enjoyed remarkable longevity over centuries yet are largely dismissed by modern science as subtherapeutic, lethal or fanciful.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the phytochemical content of a popular medieval opiate drug called the
Rats received bilateral injections of 20 or 40 mug. of d-amphetamine or scopolamine into the dorsal or ventral hippocampus prior to each of 8 daily training sessions in a discriminated Y-maze active avoidance task. Scopolamine, but not d-amphetamine, facilitated avoidance responding in both sites,
Different drug stereoisomers can have different physiological and therapeutic effects. Difficulties in separating optical isomers often make it impractical to market stereochemically pure products or to monitor isomeric contamination. This is not thought to be a problem with drugs isolated from
Potions from plants, now known to contain scopolamine, were used in antiquity and the middle ages. However, wide-spread application of drugs for induction of insensibility to pain did not occur, probably because of side-effects and unpredictable dose-effect relationships. The word "scopolamine" is
Speed of absorption and elimination of an antimotion sickness drug sets limits on the protection afforded. The aim of this experiment was to determine whether a well proven antimotion sickness drug--scopolamine (hyoscine)--could be absorbed more rapidly from buccal tablets than from the standard
The effects of morphine (0.14 mg/kg), morphine (0.14 mg/kg plus scopolamine (0.042 mg/kg), midazolam (0.015 mg/kg) and promethazine (0.08 mg/kg) on cerebrospinal fluid histamine (CSF-HA) and CSF-methylhistamine were investigated in 44 healthy patients. CSF-HA was determined by HPLC. CSF-HA was found
The antimotion sickness remedy, transdermal therapeutic system-scopolamine, administered in this experiment was scheduled to deliver 1.0 mg of scopolamine over a period of 3 d, and this paper compares its efficacy 12 and 72 h after administration. In a double-blind study, six male college students
Fucoxanthin, a natural carotenoid abundant in edible brown seaweeds, has been shown to possess anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. In this study, we report for the first time that fucoxanthin effectively protects against scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in
These studies tested the effect of arecoline, a nonselective muscarinic agonist, administered either acutely or by chronic peripheral infusion via osmotic minipumps, on a scopolamine-induced deficit in a Stone (14 unit) T-maze task in rats. Scopolamine alone (0.125-1.0 mg/kg, IP) dose-dependently
Scopolamine (hyoscine) is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that has traditionally been used to treat motion sickness in humans. However, studies investigating depressed and bipolar populations have found that scopolamine is also effective at reducing depression and anxiety symptoms.
The pharmacokinetics (radioreceptor assay, RRA) and some of the clinical effects of the anticholinergic agent, scopolamine, were studied in 16 parturients during caesarean section. Following a single 0.005 mg/kg intramuscular injection (deltoid muscle), a very fast rate of absorption was found with
OBJECTIVE
Adulterants, contaminants, and diluents are all examples of additives to street drugs. Some of these additives may be pharmacologically active; however, it is unusual for them to cause toxic side effects. In the spring of 1995, a new form of heroin appeared in New York City, spreading to
Atropa komarovii generates tropane alkaloids and three other compounds such as hyoscyamine. Racemate atropine and scopolamine (hyoscine) are the main alkaloids with anticholinergic, antispasmodic, and sedative agents. A proficient convention has been reported for the formation
A new avoidance-motivated detour-maze in which memory for an immediately preceding sample event could be assessed was evaluated by testing seven 6-month-old male F-344 rats with a delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) paradigm. Rats first received extensive pretraining with this paradigm over several
Interaction of cholinergic and glutamatergic inputs in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) influencing a learned behavior is a topic of great interest. In the present study the effect of intra-VTA administration of a nonselective muscarinic acetylcholine antagonist, scopolamine, and