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It is known well that activation of the hexosamine pathway causes insulin resistance, but how this activation influences pancreatic beta-cell function remains unclear. In this study, we found that in isolated rat islets adenovirus-mediated overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate
The relation of lactation and weaning to the development of early arterial lesions in the female breeder rat was investigated. Changes in aortic hexosamine and 35S-uptake, which are indicative of ground substance metabolism were correlated with changes in aortic calcium, phosphorus, and 45Ca-uptake
OBJECTIVE
Glutaraldehyde (GA)-fixed aortic valves used in heart valve replacement surgery have limited durability due to tissue degeneration and calcification. Despite their structural and functional importance, very little is known about the fate of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) within the
The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway plays a role in the modification of cellular proteins via the provision of substrate for addition of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). The relative importance of the GlcNAc modification of proteins to insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells has not been
Knee joint menisci from osteoarthritic and rheumatoid knees were analyzed for nitrogen, collagen, non-collagenous proteins (NCP) and hexamine content. Degenerate areas were analyzed separately. The degenerative areas were significantly lower (P less than 0.005) in collagen but NCP and hexosamines
Glucose and glutamine serve as the two primary carbon sources in proliferating cells, and uptake of both nutrients is directed by growth factor signaling. Although either glucose or glutamine can potentially support mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle integrity and ATP production, we found
The intestine is an organ with an exceptionally high rate of cell turnover, and perturbations in this process can lead to severe diseases such as cancer or intestinal atrophy. Nutrition has a profound impact on intestinal volume and cellular architecture. However, how intestinal homeostasis is
Inflammation and tissue degeneration play key roles in numerous rheumatic diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). Efforts to reduce and effectively repair articular cartilage damage in an osteoarthritic environment are limited in their success due to the diseased environment. Treatment strategies
The joint tissues (synovium, articular cartilage and bone), respond rapidly and consistently to the presence of a piece of polypropylene surgically implanted into the Rabbit knee joint. In the contact of a foreign body, a synovium proliferates in an attempt to isolate and exclude the intruder from
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA) is a heritable glycosaminoglycan (GAG) storage disorder which is characterised by lysosomal accumulation of heparan sulphate, secondary to a deficiency of sulphamidase (heparan-N-sulphatase, N-sulphoglucosamine sulphohydrolase, EC No. 3.10.1.1.). There is
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of sucrose treatment on the formation of granulation tissue in a standard wound model.
METHODS
Animal study.
METHODS
University hospital, Finland.
METHODS
32 male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into 4 groups.
METHODS
Implantation of viscose cellulose sponge
A young female with local panatrophy of the right-side extremities affecting all mesodermal layers--dermis, subcutaneous tissue, muscles, and bone--is described. The atrophies were strictly linear. Ultrastructurally, collagen fibrils of the reticular dermis from the atrophic area consisted of two
The purpose of this study was to determine the etiology of peptic ulceration in patients with pulmonary emphysema. We performed endoscopy in 50 patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema, these were patients with and without peptic ulcer. There was no significant differences between the patients with
The effects of mechanical stress on the metabolism of dog femoral head cartilage have been investigated. The model involves exercising the dog on a treadmill for an 8-month period and isolating the cartilage proteoglycans from three different anatomical regions of the femoral head. These regions are
The degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a major cause of low back pain. The physiological low-glucose microenvironment of the cartilage endplate (CEP) is disrupted in DDD. Glucose influences protein O-GlcNAcylation via the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), which is the key to stem