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Development of tannin vacuoles in chalaza and seed coat of barley in relation to early chalazal necrosis in the seg1 mutant.

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Structural development of grain tissues of maternal origin in normal and seg1 barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Betzes) was examined using light and electron microscopy. Chalaza and seedcoat cells of normal grains developed prominent tannin vacuoles which persisted throughout the grain-filling period.

Aluminum-induced cell death in root-tip cells of barley.

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Aluminum-induced cell death was investigated in root-tip cells of barley (Hordeum vulgare). The growth of roots in 0.1-50 mM Al treatments was inhibited after 8 h treatments, and could not be recovered after 24 h recovery culture without Al. Viable detection with fluorescein diacetate-propidium

First Report of Sugarcane mosaic virus Infecting Maize in Poland.

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Maize (Zea mays) has become an important crop in Poland with a constant increase in crop acreage since the 1990s. In 2007, maize plants with characteristic leaf mosaic were observed in two locations in the Wielkopolska Region near Poznań and Krotoszyn. Ninety-two samples from plants showing leaf

Influence of leaf tolerance mechanisms and rain on boron toxicity in barley and wheat.

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Boron (B) toxicity is common in many areas of the world. Plant tolerance to high B varies widely and has previously been attributed to reduced uptake of B, most commonly as a result of B efflux from roots. In this study, it is shown that the expression of genes encoding B efflux transporters in

Methanol extract of the aerial parts of barley (Hordeum vulgare) suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo.

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BACKGROUND Recently, there has been renewed interest in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. Poaceae) as a functional food and for its medicinal properties. OBJECTIVE This study examines the anti-inflammatory potential of the active fractions of barley and the mechanisms involved. METHODS The macrophages were

Silencing of RBOHF2 Causes Leaf Age-Dependent Accelerated Senescence, Salicylic Acid Accumulation, and Powdery Mildew Resistance in Barley.

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Plant RBOH (RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOGS)-type NADPH oxidases produce superoxide radical anions and have a function in developmental processes and in response to environmental challenges. Barley RBOHF2 has diverse reported functions in interaction with the biotrophic powdery mildew fungus

Identification of Pyrenophora teres f. maculata, Causal Agent of Spot Type Net Blotch of Barley in North Dakota.

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Net blotch of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) caused by the fungus Pyrenophora teres (anamorph Drechslera teres) is found in two forms, net form net blotch (NFNB) and spot form net blotch (SFNB). When inoculated on susceptible varieties, P. teres f. teres produces lesions with a characteristic net-like

An investigation of boron toxicity in barley using metabolomics.

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Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient that affects plant growth at either deficient or toxic concentrations in soil. The aim of this work was to investigate the adaptation of barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants to toxic B levels and to increase our understanding of B toxicity tolerance mechanisms. We

[Effect of genetic diversity in Hordeum vulgare L. and Secale cereale L. on their crossability and the development and viability of hybrid embryos and plants].

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A study was made of the effect of genetic diversity in cultivated barley and rye on seed setting, embryonic development, and viability of barley x rye hybrids grown in vitro and planted. The variation in seed-setting frequency was shown to be determined mainly by vegetation conditions and random

Prospects for exploitation of disease resistance from Hordeum chilense in cultivated cereals.

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Hordeum chilense is a South American wild barley with high potential for cereal breeding given its high crossability with other members of the Triticeae. In the present paper we consider the resistance of H. chilense to several fungal diseases and the prospects for its transference to cultivated

Evaluation of anticancer activity of water and juice extracts of young Hordeum vulgare in human cancer cell lines HT-29 and A549.

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Introduction and objective. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is known as a rich source of different bioactive compounds. At present, considerable attention of researchers is focused on young barley grass. It can be a good source of dietary minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolic

Expression of resistance to Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici in 'Chinese Spring' wheat addition lines containing chromosomes from Hordeum vulgare and H. chilense.

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Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (syn. Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici) causes an important disease of wheat (powdery mildew) to which Hordeum vulgare and H. chilense are resistant. The study of chromosomal addition lines of H. vulgare and H. chilense in wheat showed that they possessed resistance to

Magnaporthe oryzae effectors MoHEG13 and MoHEG16 interfere with host infection and MoHEG13 counteracts cell death caused by Magnaporthe-NLPs in tobacco.

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CONCLUSIONS Adapted pathogens are able to modulate cell responses of their hosts most likely due to the activity of secreted effector molecules thereby enabling colonisation by ostensible nonhost pathogens. It is postulated that host and nonhost pathogens of a given plant species differ in their

Detection of QTLs for salt tolerance in Asian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by association analysis with SNP markers.

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Two hundred ninety-six Asian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions were assessed to detect QTLs underlying salt tolerance by association analysis using a 384 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker system. The experiment was laid out at the seedling stage in a hydroponic solution under control

In vitro anti-nephrotoxic potential of Ammi visnaga, Petroselinum crispum, Hordeum vulgare, and Cymbopogon schoenanthus seed or leaf extracts by suppressing the necrotic mediators, oxidative stress and inflammation.

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The kidney is an essential organ required by the body to perform several important functions. Nephrotoxicity is one of the most prevailing kidney complications that result from exposure to an extrinsic or intrinsic toxicant, which increase the need for the acquisition of proper

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