horse/scopolamine

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Urinary excretion of dietary contaminants in horses.

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BACKGROUND Presence of drugs is completely prohibited in post racing urine samples by most of racing and competition authorities, even if environmental contamination might occur. OBJECTIVE To assess the daily dose of several contaminants absorbed through the diet that would result in detectable

Confirmed Datura poisoning in a horse most probably due to D. ferox in contaminated tef hay.

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Two out of a group of 23 mares exposed to tef hay contaminated with Datura ferox (and possibly D. stramonium) developed colic. The 1st animal was unresponsive to conservative treatment, underwent surgery for severe intestinal atony and had to be euthanased. The 2nd was less seriously affected,

Datura contamination of hay as the suspected cause of an extensive outbreak of impaction colic in horses.

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Datura poisoning of horses is extensively reviewed. An outbreak of intractable impaction colic affecting 18 of 83 horses was stopped by withdrawing dried tef hay contaminated with young Datura plants. The dried, botanically identified Datura stramonium and D. ferox contained respectively 0.15%

Scopolamine-induced alterations in predatory behaviour pattern in cats.

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Predatory behaviour in its full pattern (i.e., following the mouse, killing it and consuming the carcass) was tested in semi-natural conditions in cats. Consumption of minced horse meat was tested as well. Centrally acting scopolamine hydrobromide injected i.p. did not suppress predatory motivation,

Geissospermum vellosii stembark: anticholinesterase activity and improvement of scopolamine-induced memory deficits.

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This study evaluated the cholinesterase inhibitory activity of an alkaloid-rich fraction of stembark from Geissospermum vellosii (PP), and its effect on memory tests in mice. PP inhibited rat brain and electric eel acetylcholinesterase, as well as horse serum butyrylcholinesterase in a

Equine recurrent airway obstruction does not alter airway muscarinic acetylcholine receptor expression and subtype distribution.

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In recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) or heaves, bronchospasm has been attributed to enhanced cholinergic activity. However, the expression and function of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) and their signaling components are not yet known. Thus, we examined the expression, subtype

Segment-dependent expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and G-protein coupling in the equine respiratory tract.

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Muscarinic receptors are considered to be of comparable clinical importance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in equines and in humans. At present, data are scarce on the expression and distribution of probable subtypes of these receptors and their signalling pathways in airway

Suppression of the excitatory adrenergic neurotransmission; a possible role of cholinergic nerves in the retractor penis muscle.

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The excitatory adrenergic response to transmural nerve stimulation of the isolated retractor penis (rp) of dog, cat, horse, boar, elk, bull, ram and goat, as well as the evoked release of 3H from dog rp preloaded with 3H-noradrenaline were studied. In untreated preparations a low concentration of

Anti-nutritional factors of Datura in feedstuffs.

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Soybean seed, linseed, some cereals seeds, and their by-products are infected by Datura seed weed of different varieties. The most common Datura spp. noxious to the farm animals are D. stramonium (atropine alkaloid) and D. ferox (scopolamine, 98-100% of total alkaloids) mainly present in Europe and

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