sarcosine/atrophy

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Glycine transporter blockade ameliorates motor ataxia in a mouse model of spinocerebellar atrophy.

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Ataxic movement, the common major symptom of spinocerebellar atrophy, has been considered to involve impaired glutamatergic excitatory neurotransmission in the cerebellum. Considering the therapeutic importance of ataxia control, we assessed the effectiveness of increasing the extracellular

Annular alpha-synuclein species from purified multiple system atrophy inclusions.

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Oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions composed of alpha-synuclein filamentous aggregates are the pathological hallmark of multiple system atrophy (MSA). We found that cortical tissue from MSA cases contains increased detergent-resistant high-molecular-weight alpha-synuclein species. To analyse

Targeted Metabolomics Reveals Early Dominant Optic Atrophy Signature in Optic Nerves of Opa1delTTAG/+ Mice.

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Dominant optic atrophy (MIM No. 165500) is a blinding condition related to mutations in OPA1, a gene encoding a large GTPase involved in mitochondrial inner membrane dynamics. Although several mouse models mimicking the disease have been developed, the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for

Cannabinoid receptor antagonist-induced striated muscle toxicity and ethylmalonic-adipic aciduria in beagle dogs.

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Ibipinabant (IBI), a potent cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R) antagonist, previously in development for the treatment of obesity, causes skeletal and cardiac myopathy in beagle dogs. This toxicity was characterized by increases in muscle-derived enzyme activity in serum and microscopic striated muscle

Kinetic modeling of storage effects on biomarkers related to B vitamin status and one-carbon metabolism.

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BACKGROUND Biomarkers and metabolites related to B vitamin function and one-carbon metabolism have been studied as predictors of chronic diseases in studies based on samples stored in biobanks. For most biomarkers, stability data are lacking or fragmentary. METHODS Degradation and accumulation

Cryptosporidiosis induces a transient upregulation of the oligopeptides transporter (PepT1) activity in neonatal rats.

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Cryptosporidium parvum is a parasitic protozoa increasingly appreciated as a cause of intestinal malabsorptive syndrome leading to malnutrition and/or growth failure. Because a major mechanism for apical peptide absorption by small intestine is via the proton-coupled transporter PepT1, we

The X-ray structure of N-methyltryptophan oxidase reveals the structural determinants of substrate specificity.

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The X-ray structure of monomeric N-methyltryptophan oxidase from Escherichia coli (MTOX) has been solved at 3.2 A resolution by molecular replacement methods using Bacillus sp. sarcosine oxidase structure (MSOX, 43% sequence identity) as search model. The analysis of the substrate binding site

Dual effects of lisinopril on puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis in unilaterally nephrectomized rats.

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The therapeutic effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, on puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced nephrosis were investigated using unilaterally nephrectomized rats. Lisinopril showed potent dual effects on PAN nephrosis. Lisinopril treatment (50 mg/l in drinking water) from

Potentiation of the NMDA receptor in the treatment of schizophrenia: focused on the glycine site.

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N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypo-function theory of schizophrenia proposes that impairment in NMDAR function be associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and suggests that enhancement of the receptor function may produce efficacy for schizophrenia. Consistent with this theory,

Attenuation of 2-methoxyethanol-induced testicular toxicity in the rat by simple physiological compounds.

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2-Methoxyethanol (2-ME) is an industrial solvent which is toxic to both male and female reproductive systems of laboratory animals. Earlier data have demonstrated that the developmental toxicity of 2-ME can be attenuated by simple physiological compounds such as serine, acetate, sarcosine, glycine,

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