Sucrose rinsing 8 times a day for 14 days Probiotic lozenges 2 times a day for 25 days

Sucrose rinsing 8 times a day for 14 days Placebo lozenges 2 times a day for 25 days

Xylitol rinsing 8 times a day for 14 days Probiotic lozenges 2 times a day for 25 days

Xylitol rinsing 8 times a day for 14 days Placebo lozenges 2 times a day for 25 days

Dental Caries

Gingivitis

Sucrose rinsing 7-8 times a day for 14 days

Succrose rinsing

Probiotic lozenges 2 times a day for 35 days

Probiotic lozenges

Xylitol rinsing 7-8 times a day for 14 days

xylitol rinsing

Placebo lozenges 2 times a day for 35 days

Placebo tablets

University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Odontology

Effect of a 2-week Sugar Stress on Bacterial Profiles in Whole Saliva

Effect of a 2-week Sugar Stress With and Without Probiotic Supplements on Bacterial Profiles in Whole Saliva: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Plaque-index (% of sites with visible plaque)

Daniel Belstrøm, DDS, PhD

Associate professor, Principal Investiator, dr. odont., PhD, DDS

University of Copenhagen

The study will employ a randomized triple-blind, placebo controlled design.

Computerized randomization followed by pseudo anonymication

Prebiotic group will take 15 grams of prebiotic product Synergy-1 per day for 6 months. Synergy-1 is chicory-derived β-fructans inulin plus FOS (1:1). During the first two weeks the patient is advised to take 7.5 g of the product at breakfast only. Starting in week 3 until the end of the treatment the participant will take 7.5 g at breakfast and 7.5 g at dinner for a total of 6 months, or until you experience a flare.

Placebo group will take 15 grams of maltodextrin per day for 6 months. Maltodextrin is a sugar adsorbed in the small bowel with no effect on the colonic intestinal microbiota. During the first two weeks the patient is advised to take 7.5 g of the product at breakfast only. Starting in week 3 until the end of the treatment the participant will take 7.5 g at breakfast and 7.5 g at dinner for a total of 6 months, or until you experience a flare.

Ulcerative Colitis

Synergy-1 is chicory-derived β-fructans inulin plus FOS (1:1).

Synergy-1

Maltodextrin is carbohydrate adsorbed in the small bowel.

Maltodextrin

University of Alberta

Ulcerative Colitis Relapse Prevention by Prebiotics

Prevention of Ulcerative Colitis by Prebiotics: Efficacy and Protective Mechanisms

The percentage of patients that experienced relapse during the treatment period in prebiotic group versus that in the placebo group. Percentage will be calculated using the number of patients that relapse divided to the total number of patients in the treatment group. Relapse is defined as an total Mayo score of 3 or more with an endoscopy grade equal to or more than 2, and rectal bleeding for at least 3 days.

This will be assessed by package counting at 3 and 6 months or at relapse

The number of patients that experience adverse events related to treatment. This will be assessed by structured questionnaire at 3 and 6 months or at relapse

Endoscopic disease activity will be determined during sigmoidoscopy at baseline and 6 month or at relapse

Mucosal inflammation will be determined by fecal calprotectin concentration at baseline and at months 1, 3 and 6 or during relapse

Total Mayo score will be determined at baseline and at 6 months of treatment, or during a relapse.

Biopsies collected during the sigmoidoscopy procedure at baseline and at month 6 or at relapse will be used in histology analysis to determine the degree of microscopic inflammation.

Levinus Dieleman

Professor

University of British Columbia

7.5 g/day dose of Synergy1 (oligofructose enriched inulin 1:1) for 9 weeks. The daily dose is dispersed in two sachets of 3.75 g each which are consumed at breakfast and dinner

15 g/day dose of Synergy1 (oligofructose enriched inulin 1:1) for 9 weeks. The daily dose is dispersed in two sachets of 7.5 g each which are consumed at breakfast and dinner

The prebiotic preparation, Synergy-1, consists of 1:1 inulin and oligosaccharide. The chicory derived inulin has a degree of polymerization (DP) of 10 to 60 (average DP of 25). The oligofructose is produced by partial enzymatic hydrolysis of chicory derived inulin and has a DP ranging between 3 and 7 (average DP of 4).

Synergy1

Oligofructose-enriched Inulin for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Active Ulcerative Colitis

Open-Label Trial of a Prebiotic Preparation Containing Inulin and Oligofructose (Synergy-1) for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acute Ulcerative Colitis

Mayo score is a total of bowel frequency, rectal bleeding, endoscopic score and physician's rating of severity, each of the parameters on the scale 0-3.

Clinical and endoscopic remission is defined as a score of 0 in the rectal bleeding and stool frequency parts of the Mayo together with a score of 0 or 1 in the sigmoidoscopic portion of the Mayo. The total Mayo score must not be greater than 2.

fructan/emorragia

Effect of a 2-week Sugar Stress on Bacterial Profiles in Whole Saliva

Ulcerative Colitis Relapse Prevention by Prebiotics

Oligofructose-enriched Inulin for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Active Ulcerative Colitis

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