Participants receive lower dose broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract supplement PO daily for 10-14 days. After 10-14 days, participants receive higher dose broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract supplement PO daily for 10-14 days.

Participants receive higher dose broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract supplement PO daily for 10-14 days. After 10-14 days, participants receive lower dose broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract supplement PO daily for 10-14 days.

Current Every Day Smoker

Tobacco Smoking

Broccoli Sprout/Broccoli Seed Extract Supplement

Laboratory Biomarker Analysis

Questionnaire Administration

Banner University Medical Center - Tucson

Broccoli Sprout/Broccoli Seed Extract Supplement in Decreasing Toxicity in Heavy Smokers

Clinical Study of Avmacol® for Detoxification of Tobacco Carcinogens in Heavy Smokers

The changes following 4 tablets of broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract per day and after 8 tablets of broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract per day will be determined separately. Two-sided paired t tests will be performed to evaluate whether the changes are significantly. Bonferroni correction will be used to correct for multiple comparisons (two dose levels).

The changes following 4 tablets of broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract per day and after 8 tablets of broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract l per day will be determined separately. Two-sided paired t tests will be performed to evaluate whether the changes are significantly. Bonferroni correction will be used to correct for multiple comparisons (two dose levels).

Will determine whether broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract supplement increases the urinary excretion of the mercapturic acids of tobacco carcinogens, normalized by bio-measurement of tobacco exposure. Bio-measurement of tobacco exposure will be assessed by the total urinary levels of nicotine and major nicotine metabolites (i.e., the sum of the molar concentrations of nicotine and major nicotine metabolites in urine).

Will be assessed by the expression of NQO1, in the buccal cells after intervention.

Will determine whether there is a dose-response relationship between the broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract supplement dose and the detoxification of tobacco carcinogens and the change in the NRF2 target gene transcripts.

Will determine the relationship between systemic study agent exposure, assessed by the total urinary levels of sulforaphane and its glutathione-derived metabolites (i.e., the sum of the molar concentrations of sulforaphane and its glutathione-derived metabolites in urine), and changes in detoxification of tobacco carcinogens and NRF2 target gene transcripts.

Will determine whether the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes are important genetic modulators of detoxification of tobacco carcinogens. The change in the urinary excretion of the mercapturic acids of tobacco carcinogens will be compared between GSTM1-null and GSTM1 positive subjects and between GSTT1-null and GSTT1-positive subjects.

Will bank specimens for future research including tobacco gene signature in nasal brushing, and fixed buccal cells for nuclear morphometry.

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Lung Cancer

oral cells will be collected, DNA isolated, and analyzed for adducts

oral cell DNA adducts

Tobacco Use Research Center

Oral Cell DNA Adducts in Smokers

Quantitation of Oral Cell DNA Adducts in Smokers

DNA adducts of acrolein, formaldehyde, and tobacco-specific compounds

Metabolites of acrolein crotonaldehyde, oxidative damage and inflammation

University of Minnesota

University of Hawaii

whole blood, serum, white cells, red blood cells, urine, breast milk, meconium

Exposure to Environmental Pollution

Rambam Medical Center

Lis Medical Center

Assaf Harofeh Medical Center

Impact of Exposure to Environmental Pollutants on Birth Outcomes in an Israeli Cohort

assessment of BFRs and phthalates body burdens through measurement of these chemicals in maternal and paternal serum and urine, cord blood, breastmilk and neonatal meconium among several representative sub-populations

To examine associations between exposure to PBDEs and phthalates and (a) pregnancy complications, (b) anthropometrics at birth (i.e. birth weight adjusted for gestational age, ponderal index, head circumference adjusted for gestational age), and (c) cryptorchidism incidence, (d) maternal and infant thyroid function

To establish a bio repository of these media for future studies and to establish follow up methods for this cohort to later assess development and growth in the infants, toddlers and children

crotonaldehyde/סרטן

Broccoli Sprout/Broccoli Seed Extract Supplement in Decreasing Toxicity in Heavy Smokers

Oral Cell DNA Adducts in Smokers

Impact of Exposure to Environmental Pollutants on Birth Outcomes in an Israeli Cohort

המאגר השלם ביותר של צמחי מרפא המגובה על ידי המדע