Smoking Dependence and Periodontitis
キーワード
概要
説明
The present study was designed as a, single-center, prospective cohort study focusing on the relationship between smoking status and the severity of periodontitis.
The research question was " How the Fagerström for nicotine dependence (FTND) and the number of cigarette cunsuption (NNC) are correlated to the severity of chronic periodontitis"? Thirty-four consecutive smoker patients presenting a chronic periodontitis were included in the study, and the smoking status was defined both by NCC and FTND.
Periodontal clinical parameters were correlated with NCC and FTND.
All the clinical periodontal parameters were recorded by a single periodontist (L.S). Periodontal assessments included: probing depth (PD), gingival recession (RD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque score index (PI), Furcation (Furc), tooth mobility and the percentage of sites of PD ≥ 6mm. A graduated manual periodontal probe was used to take measurements at the 6 sites of each tooth. BOP (%) and plaque score (%).
All the participants of the study respected the following inclusion criteria: 1/ smoker patients aged of minimum 18 years old, 2/ chronic periodontitis, 3/ presence of a minimum of 6 teeth at each arch, 4/ a minimum of 6 teeth with pocket depth of 5 mm, 5/ signed the informed consent. The exclusion criteria were: 1/ aggressive periodontitis, 2/ diabetes, 3/ connective tissue disease, 4/ pregnancy, 5/ radio-therapy, 6/ chemotherapy, 7/ psychological disease, 8/ previous periodontal therapy.
The patient smoking status was defined by FTND and NCC FTND scores were categorized in 3 groups
- scores < 4 for low nicotine dependence,
- scores = 4-5 for moderate nicotine dependence
- scores > 5 for high nicotine dependence.
The NCC s was classified in three levels of smokers as described in most of the periodontal studies:
- Number of cigarette smoking ≤ 10 per day for low consumption
- Number of cigarette smoking from 10 to 20 per day for moderate consumption
- Number of cigarette smoking > 20 per day for high cigarette consumption
日付
| 最終確認済み: | 03/31/2019 |
| 最初に提出された: | 03/21/2019 |
| 提出された推定登録数: | 03/31/2019 |
| 最初の投稿: | 04/02/2019 |
| 最終更新が送信されました: | 03/31/2019 |
| 最終更新日: | 04/02/2019 |
| 実際の研究開始日: | 09/02/2014 |
| 一次完了予定日: | 06/30/2015 |
| 研究完了予定日: | 06/30/2015 |
状態または病気
段階
適格基準
| 研究の対象となる年齢 | 18 Years に 18 Years |
| 研究に適格な性別 | All |
| サンプリング方法 | Probability Sample |
| 健康なボランティアを受け入れる | はい |
| 基準 | Inclusion Criteria: - smoker patients aged of minimum 18 years old - chronic periodontitis - presence of a minimum of 6 teeth at each arch - a minimum of 6 teeth with pocket depth of 5 mm - signed the informed consent Exclusion Criteria: - aggressive periodontitis - diabetes - connective tissue disease - pregnancy - radio-therapy - chemotherapy - psychological disease - previous periodontal therapy. |
結果
主な結果の測定
1. effect of nicotine dependence level on periodontal outcomes [1 day]
