Japanese
Albanian
Arabic
Armenian
Azerbaijani
Belarusian
Bengali
Bosnian
Catalan
Czech
Danish
Deutsch
Dutch
English
Estonian
Finnish
Français
Greek
Haitian Creole
Hebrew
Hindi
Hungarian
Icelandic
Indonesian
Irish
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Latvian
Lithuanian
Macedonian
Mongolian
Norwegian
Persian
Polish
Portuguese
Romanian
Russian
Serbian
Slovak
Slovenian
Spanish
Swahili
Swedish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese
Български
中文(简体)
中文(繁體)
Science 1967-Jan

Biosynthesis of the morphine alkaloids.

登録ユーザーのみが記事を翻訳できます
ログインサインアップ
リンクがクリップボードに保存されます
G W Kirby

キーワード

概要

Tracer experiments, supported throughout by the analogous chemical transformations, have firmly established the biosynthetic sequence tyrosine -->norlaudanosoline --> reticuline --> salutaridine --> salutaridinol-I -->thebaine --> codeine --> morphine in Papaver somniferum. In general, the farther a precursor lies along this sequence, the more efficient its conversion to morphine in the intact plant. Several intermediates remain to be discovered, such as those lying between tyrosine and norlaudanosoline and between thebaine and codeine. Proof that morphine is made only by the reticuline-salutaridine route is still lacking and would require a careful comparison of the rate of morphine synthesis with the turnover rates for the various intermediates. More importantly, detailed knowledge of the mechanism of each biochemical step can come only with isolation of the enzyme system involved. The chemical oxidation of (-)-reticuline, to give salutaridine, can only be accomplished in very low (0.02 percent) yield (15, 26), whereas, even with whole plants, the biological incorporation of reticuline into the morphine alkaloids can reach 8 percent (13). One would like to know just how an enzyme system directs the oxidative cyclization of reticuline in the desired sense. Kleinschmidt and Mothes and Fairbairn and Wassel (27) have shown that the latex isolated from opium poppies is capable of transforming tyrosine into morphine. Perhaps further work with opium latex will provide the key to the remaining problems of morphine biosynthesis.

Facebookページに参加する

科学に裏打ちされた最も完全な薬草データベース

  • 55の言語で動作します
  • 科学に裏打ちされたハーブ療法
  • 画像によるハーブの認識
  • インタラクティブGPSマップ-場所にハーブをタグ付け(近日公開)
  • 検索に関連する科学出版物を読む
  • それらの効果によって薬草を検索する
  • あなたの興味を整理し、ニュース研究、臨床試験、特許について最新情報を入手してください

症状や病気を入力し、役立つ可能性のあるハーブについて読み、ハーブを入力して、それが使用されている病気や症状を確認します。
*すべての情報は公開された科学的研究に基づいています

Google Play badgeApp Store badge