beta erythroidine/hypoxia

Cigarette smoking is not only a documented risk for lung carcinogenesis but also promotes lung cancer development. Nicotine, a major component of cigarette smoke but not a carcinogen by itself, has been found to induce proliferation, invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Activation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) by nicotine has been suggested to protect neurons against a hypoxic insult. The objective of this study was to examine the nature of cell death induced by acute hypoxia in rat primary cortical cultures and the neuroprotective potential

In the United State, 20% of pregnant women smoke. One of the most consistent adverse outcomes is reduced birth weight in the off-spring. Animal studies using chronic nicotine, the major psychoactive tobacco ingredient, have shown conflicting results, questioning the role of nicotine in growth