Cesarean Section

30 mg ketorolac immediately before induction of anesthesia

Ketorolac

4 mL normal saline 0.9% immediately before induction of anesthesia

Normal saline

Assiut University hospital

Preemptive Ketorolac for Shoulder Tip Pain During Cesarean Section

Preemptive Ketorolac for Intraoperative Shoulder Tip Pain During Cesarean Section: A Double‑Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Mostafa Samy Abbas

lecturer of anesthesia and ICU, Assiut University,Assiut, Egypt

Assiut University

255 miralax with 64 oz gatorade.
Golytely vs. Miralax plus gatorade: 4L of golytely vs. 255 grams of PEG-3350 mixed with 64 ounces gatorade for colonoscopy preparation.

PEG-3350 and Gatorade

Golytely 4 Liters
Golytely vs. Miralax plus gatorade: 4L of golytely vs. 255 grams of PEG-3350 mixed with 64 ounces gatorade for colonoscopy preparation.

Golytely 4 Liters

Total

Sex: Female, Male

The study is a non-inferiority study: The objective is to conclude that the prep quality scores of those receiving Miralax is at most 10% less than for Golytely. Thus the difference in prep scores between Miralax minus Golytely should be greater than - 10%. If this is the case, Miralax would be considered as non-inferior to Golytely.
The outcome measure will use the Boston Prep Scale. The BPS is scored 0-9 with 9 being an excellent preparation throughout the colon. From the right colon, transverse colon , and left colon a score of 0-3 is given as follows and the total BPS is the arithmetic sum from each colon segment:
0 = Unprepared colon segment with mucosa not seen due to solid stool.
= Portion of mucosa of the colon segment seen, but other areas of the colon segment not well seen.
= Minor amount of residual staining, small fragments of stool and/or opaque liquid
= clear colon without staining

Boston Prep Scale

Sodium level: Risks from the preparation include failure to cleanse the colon adequately and the risk of electrolyte abnormalities, particularly hypokalemia. We will compare adverse events from the comparator preps by assessing electrolytes on the day of the procedure.

255 miralax with 64 oz gatorade.
PEG-3350 and Gatorade: 255 grams of miralax mixed with 64 ounces gatorade for colonoscopy preparation.

Golytely 4 Liters
Golytely 4 liters: Golytely 4 liters

Sodium Level in mmol/L

Potassium level: Risks from the preparation include failure to cleanse the colon adequately and the risk of electrolyte abnormalities, particularly hypokalemia. We will compare adverse events from the comparator preps by assessing electrolytes on the day of the procedure.

Potassium Level in mmol/L

Chloride level: Risks from the preparation include failure to cleanse the colon adequately and the risk of electrolyte abnormalities, particularly hypokalemia. We will compare adverse events from the comparator preps by assessing electrolytes on the day of the procedure.

Chloride Level in mmol/L

Bicarbonate level: Risks from the preparation include failure to cleanse the colon adequately and the risk of electrolyte abnormalities, particularly hypokalemia. We will compare adverse events from the comparator preps by assessing electrolytes on the day of the procedure.

Bicarbonate Level in mmol/L

BUN level: Risks from the preparation include failure to cleanse the colon adequately and the risk of electrolyte abnormalities, particularly hypokalemia. We will compare adverse events from the comparator preps by assessing electrolytes on the day of the procedure.

BUN Level in mg/dl

Creatinine level: Risks from the preparation include failure to cleanse the colon adequately and the risk of electrolyte abnormalities, particularly hypokalemia. We will compare adverse events from the comparator preps by assessing electrolytes on the day of the procedure.

Creatinine Level in mg/dl

Glucose level: Risks from the preparation include failure to cleanse the colon adequately and the risk of electrolyte abnormalities, particularly hypokalemia. We will compare adverse events from the comparator preps by assessing electrolytes on the day of the procedure.

Glucose Level in mg/dl

Calcium level: Risks from the preparation include failure to cleanse the colon adequately and the risk of electrolyte abnormalities, particularly hypokalemia. We will compare adverse events from the comparator preps by assessing electrolytes on the day of the procedure.

Calcium Level in mg/dl

Magnesium level: Risks from the preparation include failure to cleanse the colon adequately and the risk of electrolyte abnormalities, particularly hypokalemia. We will compare adverse events from the comparator preps by assessing electrolytes on the day of the procedure.

Magnesium Level in mg/dl

Phosphorus level: Risks from the preparation include failure to cleanse the colon adequately and the risk of electrolyte abnormalities, particularly hypokalemia. We will compare adverse events from the comparator preps by assessing electrolytes on the day of the procedure.

Phosphorus Level in mg/dl

Analysis includes a sub-group of subjects who drank >75% of the preparation and adhered to a clear liquid diet (Per Protocol).
The BPS is scored 0-9 with 9 being an excellent preparation throughout the colon. From the right colon, transverse colon , and left colon a score of 0-3 is given as follows and the total BPS is the arithmetic sum from each colon segment:

Boston Prep Scale (Per Protocol Analysis)

Overall Study

Frank Friedenberg, MD

Colon Cancer

255 grams of miralax mixed with 64 ounces gatorade for colonoscopy preparation.

Golytely 4 liters

Temple University Hospital

Miralax (PEG 3350) vs. Golytely as Bowel Preparation for Screening Colonoscopy

A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Patient Tolerability of Miralax (PEG 3350) vs. Golytely as Bowel Preparation for Screening Colonoscopy

Temple University

Intervention with Pyonex-needles & Usual care; applied to the acupoints LI4 , LI11, PC6 and ST36 bilaterally before surgery. Pyonex needles are embedded in a 2 mm round plastic piece sitting on a round, skin friendly patch of about 8 mm in diameter. The patch can remain for seven days. The needle can be stimulated by gently touches the plastic bubble by the patch.
Intervention Acupressure & Usual care; a 'kulplåster (1.5 mm a ball on a small piece of adhesive tape) both ears before postoperative drug administration. Kulplåster can remain for ten days or until they fall off. Children and their parents will be asked to fill in a diary of when the needle is stimulated, for what reason and when the symptoms are alleviated. In the diary is also filled in on the kulplåster remains.

Timbal diet including ice cream & Usual care.The specially designed diet, originally made for patients suffering of dysphagia, named "timbalkost" will be used. The specially designed food/diet, "timbalkost" will be given as lunch and dinner. The consistency of timbalkost is smooth. It does not require more thorough processing of the mouth. As a snack, a protein-enriched ice cream, made with egg yolks and cream, will be made available. The food will be given to the child for 3-7 days depending on how quickly the child can return to normal food. A powder that jellify liquids to facilitate swallowing will also be used if and when needed. The children or their parents will be asked to fill in a food diary during one week after surgery.

Extended telephone counseling & Usual care : A nurse will contact the child, or the child´s parents, by telephone on day 1, 3, 5 and 10 for extended telephone counseling postoperatively (POD), to provide support and information. The child's well-being will be assessed, response given to queries and concerns, advice and explanations related to the problems expressed or identified, proper interventions will be promoted and reassurance provided. The nurse will fill in a protocol on what topics the counseling was about at each call and the child and/or parent a diary.

Tonsillitis

Intervention group will receive usual care in combination with Pyonex-needles and "Kulplåster". The control group will only receive usual care.

Acupuncture, acupressure

Intervention group will receive usual care in combination Timbal diet including Protein-enriched ice cream, made with egg yolks and Cream. The control group will only receive usual care.

Timbal diet

Intervention group will receive usual care in combination with Extended telephone counseling. The control group will only receive usual care.

Extended telephone counseling

Helena Rosén

Children Recovering From Tonsil Surgery

Children Recovering From Tonsil Surgery Following Day Surgery

Sore throat measured with the PRiC, instrument. Sore throat with the opportunity to grade the answer Not at all, A little, alternatively Much or Very much.
Estimates for the number of children who need to be included in the study is based on the distribution of responses to the question "sore throat" that is, a sore throat the last 24 hours from the questionnaire PRiC. The control group is assumed to respond to the same distribution as the children in Bramhagen et al (2016) and the children in the intervention group is assumed to have a positive shift in the distribution of answers.

Measuring change in postoperative recovery in children emotional state.

postoperative problems that arise, assessment of these and reference to the healthcare institution if necessary

Documentation of when akupunkture or acupressure is given , for what reason and when removed

I have not decided to make individual participant data (IPD) available to other researchers.

Helena Rosén, PhD

Principal investigator

Lund University

Triangulation design will be used including both qualitative and quantitative methods. All the intervention groups will receive usual care in combination with a special intervention. The control group will only receive usual care. In the study the three interventions will be performed at one hospital each.

1000mg of (Hesperidin and Diosmin mixture) three times daily for 7 days 1000mg of (Hesperidin and Diosmin mixture) two times daily for 3 days

standard care therapy in quarantine hospitals

lemon/hemorrhage

Preemptive Ketorolac for Shoulder Tip Pain During Cesarean Section

Miralax (PEG 3350) vs. Golytely as Bowel Preparation for Screening Colonoscopy

Children Recovering From Tonsil Surgery

Hesperidin and Diosmin for Treatment of COVID-19

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