Control meal using standard breakfast foods.

This will consist of standard breakfast foods plus a berry smoothie.

This will consist of standard breakfast foods plus a sea buckthorn berry smoothie.

This will consist of standard breakfast foods plus a wild garlic dip.

Diet Induced Thermogenesis

Obesity Control

This will consist of standard breakfast foods (cereal, milk, yoghurt, cheese cracker bread, butter, banana and cream

Control Meal

This will consist of standard breakfast foods (cereal, milk, yoghurt, cheese cracker bread, butter, banana and cream plus a berry smoothie. The berry smoothie consists of blueberries, raspberries and blackberries.

Berry Treatment

This will consist of standard breakfast foods (cereal, milk, yoghurt, cheese cracker bread, butter, banana and cream plus a sea buckthorn berry smoothie.

Sea Buckthorn Treatment

This will consist of standard breakfast foods (cereal, milk, yoghurt, cheese cracker bread, butter, banana and cream. The wild garlic will be prepared and served as a dip alongside.

Wild Garlic Treatment

Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, Human Nutrition Unit

Thermic Effects of Some Scottish Plant Foods

The Thermic Effect of Some Plant Foods Native to Scotland: A Pilot Study.

Measured as the difference in Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) during fasting and postprandial states

Based on the Respiratory Quotient (RQ) from RMR measurement and urinary urea, the proportion of carbohydrate, fat and protein used for energy production will be estimated.

Measured using 100mm continuous-line scales anchored at each end with opposing answers to satiety and palatability related questions

University of Aberdeen

250 ml of blackberry juice freshly prepared with 250 g fresh blackberries, 80 ml alcohol beverage (38%) and 17 g sugar.

250 ml of blackberry juice freshly prepared with 250 g fresh blackberries, 80 ml water and 17 g sugar.

Overweight and Obesity

Healthy

Blackberry juice with 12% ethanol

Blackberry juice

CINTESIS - Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto

Bioavailability of Blackberry Juice Anthocyanins

Influence of Ethanol in the Bioavailability of Blackberry Juice Anthocyanins in Normal Weight and Overweight/Obese Adults

Universidade do Porto

Center for Health Technology and Services Research

Vinoflavo

Instant noodles contained AMP-1915 2 g/pc with meal, 1 pc/day for 3 months.

Instant noodles with the same sharp and color as Experimental noodles with meal, 1 pc/day for 3 months.

Metabolic Syndrome X

A traditional Chinese Formula extract from Astragalus, Radix Puerariae and Cortex Mori is mixed into instant noodles. Patients are treated with AMP-1915 as meal.

AMP-1915

Placebo

Clinical Trial of Chinese Formula AMP-1915 on Metabolic Syndrome

Phase 0 Clinical Trial of Chinese Formula AMP-1915 on Metabolic Syndrome

Patients' FBG from both placebo and AMP-1915-treated group was collected before treatment as a baseline and after 3-month treatment.
The difference between these two time points presents the drug effect.

Patients' blood from both placebo and AMP-1915-treated group was collected before treatment as a baseline and after 3-month treatment. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCH), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were measured.
The difference between these two time points presents the drug effect, separately.

Patients' insulin concentration from both placebo and AMP-1915-treated group was collected before treatment as a baseline and after 3-month treatment.
The difference between these two time points presents the drug effect.

Patients' body weight from both placebo and AMP-1915-treated group was measured before treatment as a baseline and after 3-month treatment.
The difference between these two time points presents the drug effect.

Patients' Plasma HbA1c from both placebo and AMP-1915-treated group was measured before treatment as a baseline and after 3-month treatment.
The difference between these two time points presents the drug effect.

Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Participants will receive a controlled diet with the control food (jello) first and then cross over to the controlled diet with blackberries.

Participants will receive a controlled diet with blackberries first and then cross over to the controlled diet with the control food (jello).

Metabolic Syndrome

Participants will receive blackberries as part of a controlled diet.

Blackberries

Participants will receive a control food (jello) as part of a controlled diet.

Control

Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center

Blackberry Flavonoid Absorption and Effects on Intestinal Bacteria

Feces will be analyzed for bacterial typing at 0 and 4 weeks of each diet period.

Gene expression in whole blood will be evaluated at the beginning and end of each diet period, through global gene expression using the Affymetrix platform. Changes in specific genes observed with global gene expression technology will be confirmed through RT-PCR.

Blood, urine, and feces will be analyzed by a technique called metabolomics, which is a broad sampling of metabolites.

Biomarkers of cancer risk such as oxidative stress and inflammatory markers will be analyzed at the beginning and end of each diet period.

Lipopolysaccharide will be measured in the blood as a measure of gut leakiness.

Janet Novotny

Research Physiologist

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

The intervention arm receives the Text2bHealthy program on a PDA

The control group will complete a paper dairy to keep track of their lifestyle behaviours

The intervention group uses handheld computers to keep track of their lifestyle behaviours and they will receive feedback on thier progress and tips (Text2bHealthy)

morus rubra/obesity

Thermic Effects of Some Scottish Plant Foods

Bioavailability of Blackberry Juice Anthocyanins

Clinical Trial of Chinese Formula AMP-1915 on Metabolic Syndrome

Blackberry Flavonoid Absorption and Effects on Intestinal Bacteria

Text2bHealthy: Using Innovative Methods in Childhood Obesity Treatment

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