Xylopia laevigata (Annonaceae), known locally as "meiú" or "pindaíba", is widely used in folk medicine in Northeastern Brazil. In the present work, we performed phytochemical analyses of the stem of X. laevigata, which led to the isolation of 19 alkaloids: (-)-roemerine, (+)-anonaine, lanuginosine,
Five novel isoquinoline alkaloids (+)-N-(methoxylcarbonyl)-N-nordicentrin (1), (+)-N-(methoxylcarbonyl)-N-norpredicentrine (2), (+)-N-(methoxylcarbonyl)-N-norbulbodione (3), and (+)-N-(methoxylcarbonyl)-N-norisocorydione (4), and (+)-8-methoxyisolaurenine-N- oxide (5) were isolated, together with