pulmonary alveolar proteinosis/protease

Multilamellated structures (MS), which accumulate in the lungs of patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, were examined under the electron microscope. MS, in general, consisted of alternating light and dark lamellae arranged concentrically about membranous vesicles or electron-dense bodies.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a group of rare diseases with disturbed homeostasis of alveolar surfactant. While 90% of the primary adult forms are caused by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor autoantibodies, the underlying cause of the juvenile form remains unknown. In order