those with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease having been hospitalized for a cardiac event. The intervention is six-month interval of exercise .

Metabolic Syndrome patients are defined by having Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)>130 and/or Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)>85 mmHg and any two of the following criteria: Abdominal obesity (waist circumference >102cm in males;>88cm in females), Fasting triglycerides > 1.695 mmol/L, Low HDL cholesterol: Males < 1.04 mmol/L; Females < 1.29 mmol/L, Fasting glucose >5.60 mmol/L. Participants will be assigned randomly into an exercise and a delayed exercise intervention, 6 months.

Control individuals will have no diagnosis of cardiac, vascular, metabolic, inflammatory or neurological disease, and have not been on any medication for such conditions in the past 12 months. Participants will be assigned randomly into an exercise and a delayed exercise intervention, 6 months.

Cardiovascular Disease

exercise

the University of Western Ontario

Cerebrovascular Outcomes in Ischemic Heart Disease

Cerebrovascular Outcomes in Ischemic Heart Disease Patients Undergoing Cardiac Rehabilitation

This will be measured first by the change in blood flow velocity through the middle cerebral artery in response to the 5% CO2/95% O2 challenge and a sit-to-stand manoeuvre. Measures will be made using transcranial Doppler. Subsequently, the diameter of the middle cerebral artery will be measured with MRI T2 sequences (time of flight) at 7Tesla.
Multiple measurements will be aggregated to arrive at one reported value of cerebrovascular reactivity to carbon dioxide.

These will be made with pen-and paper questionnaires identified above.

This is measured from the MRI T1 anatomical and FLAIR sequences.
Multiple measurements will be aggregated to scientifically examine the association between (cardio)vascular disease, blood supply to the brain, and cerebrovascular endothelial activation. These measurements will allow us to investigate the impact of exercise rehabilitation on brain vascularization, cerebrovascular endothelial function and blood flow control.

will be measured using multiplex and ELISA technology,

will be assessed using ultrasound imaging analysis of intima-media thickness (Carotid artery) and the flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery.

tungsten/脳卒中

Cerebrovascular Outcomes in Ischemic Heart Disease

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