tungsten/dental caries

Following the clinical and radiographic examinations, pulp vitality was assessed with cold thermal test (Chloraethyl; Wehr, Baden, Germany) and electrical pulp test. After local anesthesia injection, rubber-dam isolation was performed. In the first step of the IPC procedure, cavity preparation was

This study was single center, one-blinded, 2-arm parallel, randomized clinical trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio. No changes were made to the protocol after trial commencement. Initially, 60 patients who had been referred to a tertiary clinic in Kayseri, Turkey for orthodontic treatment between

A Split-mouth clinical trial was the design selected. Clinical Procedures: IPT procedures were carried out by three pediatric dentistry residents (E.K.C.G., R.A.V.V., and J.M.A.R.), previously trained in the clinical setting with a pilot sample of 10 similar child patients each. Study participants

Tooth vitality will be confirmed with cold test (ethyl chloride) and registrated. Bleeding of the gingiva will be recorded using a periodontal probe. Local anesthesia will be applied to prevent pain and discomfort during cavity preparation. Tooth surface will be cleaned using a commercial non

All-ceramic restoration are increasing in daily routine treatments although remain less popular than metal-ceramic crowns especially as the cost of metal rises and aesthetic requested people increases The increased demand for aesthetic treatments has led to the widespread use of metal-free ceramics