Microvascular Function in Patients Undergoing 5-Fluorouracil Chemotherapy
Raktažodžiai
Santrauka
apibūdinimas
Although cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of death each year, advancements in cancer treatments and detection have improved patient prognosis across a large number of cancer types. This trend of improved survival rates has made apparent the significant risk of chemotherapy on the cardiovascular system in such a way that cardiotoxicity has become a prime concern in cancer survivors. Indeed, cardiotoxic events have been related to numerous chemotherapy types, including the commonly used 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). 5-FU is the third most commonly administered form of chemotherapy used in the treatment of solid malignancies. Despite undeniable effectiveness in treating cancer, administration of 5-FU is associated with the second highest incidence of cardiotoxicity out of all chemotherapeutic agents.
Such cardiotoxic manifestations typically appear in the form of chest pain, angina during rest and/or exertion, and acute coronary syndromes, however, other events such as arrythmias, myocarditis, pericarditis, heart failure, or even death have been reported following 5-FU administration. While multiple mechanisms are believed to lead to 5-FU cardiotoxicity, the effects 5-FU has on the vasculature seem to be of particular importance. Initial findings suggest these drugs have a direct toxic effect on the vascular endothelium and smooth muscle, likely through increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are known to adversely affect endothelium independent and dependent factors which influence vascular tone. Along with increased ROS, decreases in antioxidant capacity following 5-FU therapy lead to increased vasospasms and altered vasodilator/constrictor responses. Indeed, both coronary artery vasospasms and brachial artery vasoconstriction have been found to occur in some groups directly after injection of 5-FU.
Although the primary signaling pathways for 5-FU induced cardiotoxicity are well documented, many of these studies have been conducted in animal models. Previous work has demonstrated substantial vascular dysfunction in current cancer patients undergoing adjuvant systematic chemotherapy when compared to healthy controls, however, alike investigations specifically focused on vascular dysfunction in patients receiving 5-FU have yet to be conducted. To investigate such mechanisms, microvascular reactivity will be measured with laser Doppler flowmetry combined with iontophoresis of acetylcholine in cancer patients currently undergoing treatment with 5-Fluorouracil, patients receiving chemotherapy treatments other than 5-Fluorouracil, cancer survivors previously treated with 5-Fluorouracil, and age and sex matched controls.
Datos
Paskutinį kartą patikrinta: | 06/30/2019 |
Pirmasis pateikimas: | 07/30/2019 |
Numatytas registravimas pateiktas: | 07/30/2019 |
Pirmas paskelbtas: | 07/31/2019 |
Paskutinis atnaujinimas pateiktas: | 07/30/2019 |
Paskutinis atnaujinimas paskelbtas: | 07/31/2019 |
Faktinė studijų pradžios data: | 06/24/2019 |
Numatoma pirminio užbaigimo data: | 05/31/2020 |
Numatoma studijų užbaigimo data: | 05/31/2020 |
Būklė ar liga
Intervencija / gydymas
Other: Arterial blood pressure
Other: Skin microcirculatory blood flow
Other: Brachial artery blood flow
Other: Venous blood draw
Fazė
Rankų grupės
Ranka | Intervencija / gydymas |
---|---|
5-FU Chemotherapy (Experimental) Comprised of newly diagnosed cancer patients 21 years or older who have received 5-FU chemotherapy within the past 30 days or are scheduled to receive 5-FU chemotherapy. | |
Non-5-FU Chemotherapy (Sub-Control) Comprised of newly diagnosed cancer patients 21 years or older who have received chemotherapy other than 5-FU within the past 30 days or are scheduled to receive chemotherapy other than 5-FU. | |
Age/Sex matched Control (Control) Age, biological sex, and prior health history (excluding cancer diagnosis) matched control for cancer patients | |
5-FU Chemotherapy Cancer Survivor (Survivor) Cancer survivors who have not received cancer therapy during the past year but previously received 5-Fluorouracil chemotherapy. |
Tinkamumo kriterijai
Amžius, tinkami studijuoti | 21 Years Į 21 Years |
Tinkamos studijoms lytys | All |
Mėginių ėmimo metodas | Non-Probability Sample |
Priima sveikus savanorius | Taip |
Kriterijai | Inclusion Criteria: - Give voluntary consent to participate in the study - (Group 1) Current cancer treatment includes 5-FU - (Group 2) Current cancer treatment does not include 5-FU - (Group 3) Cancer survivor previously treated with 5-FU but has not received cancer treatment in the year proceeding enrollment. - (Group 4) Age, sex, and health matched (excluding cancer) control for Group 1 Exclusion Criteria: - (Groups 1, 2, and 4) Have received cancer treatment outside of the past year - Not met above criteria - Pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant - Unable to provide informed consent |
Rezultatas
Pirminės rezultatų priemonės
1. Cutaneous (skin) blood flow (%) following administration of vasoactive substances [1 day]
2. Brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD) [1 day]
Antrinės rezultatų priemonės
1. Arterial blood pressure [1 day]