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Biscarbamate cross-linked low molecular weight Polyethylenimine polycation as an efficient intra-cellular delivery cargo for cancer therapy.

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BACKGROUND A challenge in gene therapy is the efficient delivery of DNA/siRNA to the diseased cells. The physicochemical characteristics of siRNA, such as high molecular weight, negative charges and hydrophilic nature-prevent passive diffusion across the plasma membrane for most cells. A

N-Nitroso-N-(3-keto-1,2-butanediol)-3'-nitrotyramine. A new genotoxic agent derived from the reaction of tyrosine and glucose in the presence of sodium nitrite.

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N-Nitroso-N-(3-keto-1,2-butanediol)-3'-nitrotyramine (NO-NTA) is a product of a model browning system in the presence of sodium nitrite. In this study, the chemical structure is confirmed by spectral studies, including UV, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy.

Bacterial tRNase-Based Gene Therapy with Poly(β-Amino Ester) Nanoparticles for Suppressing Melanoma Tumor Growth and Relapse.

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Here, a novel anticancer gene therapy with a bacterial tRNase gene, colicin D or virulence associated protein C (VapC), is suggested using biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles, such as poly(β-amino esters) (PBAEs) as carriers. These genes are meticulously selected, aiming at inhibiting translation

Highly Branched poly(5-amino-1-pentanol-co-1,4-butanediol diacrylate) for High Performance Gene Transfection.

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The top-performing linear poly(β-amino ester) (LPAE), poly(5-amino-1-pentanol-co-1,4-butanediol diacrylate) (C32), has demonstrated gene transfection efficiency comparable to viral-mediated gene delivery. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of highly branched

Co-delivery of doxorubicin and RNA using pH-sensitive poly (β-amino ester) nanoparticles for reversal of multidrug resistance of breast cancer.

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An appropriate co-delivery system for chemotherapeutic agents and nucleic acid drugs will provide a more efficacious approach for the treatment of breast cancer by reversing multidrug resistance (MDR). In this work, a new amphiphilic poly (β-amino ester),

Ketone bodies and two-compartment tumor metabolism: stromal ketone production fuels mitochondrial biogenesis in epithelial cancer cells.

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We have previously suggested that ketone body metabolism is critical for tumor progression and metastasis. Here, using a co-culture system employing human breast cancer cells (MCF7) and hTERT-immortalized fibroblasts, we provide new evidence to directly support this hypothesis. More specifically, we

Co-delivery of docetaxel and silibinin using pH-sensitive micelles improves therapy of metastatic breast cancer.

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Breast cancer is the most vicious killer for women, and tumor metastasis is one of the leading causes of breast cancer therapy failure. In this study, a new pH-sensitive polymer (polyethylene glycol-block-poly[(1,4-butanediol)-diacrylate-β-N,N-diisopropylethylenediamine], BDP) was synthesized. Based

pH-Sensitive Nano-Complexes Overcome Drug Resistance and Inhibit Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Silencing Akt Expression.

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The therapy of breast cancer is encumbered by drug resistance and metastasis, which can be due to a defective PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. This study was aimed at improving the anti-cancer effect of the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel (PTX) on the drug resistant and metastatic breast cancer by

Ketone supplementation decreases tumor cell viability and prolongs survival of mice with metastatic cancer.

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Cancer cells express an abnormal metabolism characterized by increased glucose consumption owing to genetic mutations and mitochondrial dysfunction. Previous studies indicate that unlike healthy tissues, cancer cells are unable to effectively use ketone bodies for energy. Furthermore, ketones

Evaluation of cancer tests of 1,3-butadiene using internal dose, genotoxic potency, and a multiplicative risk model.

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In cancer tests with 1,3-butadiene (BD), the mouse is much more sensitive than the rat. This is considered to be related to the metabolism of BD to the epoxide metabolites, 1,2-epoxy-3-butene (EB), 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane, and 1,2-epoxy-3,4-butanediol. This study evaluates whether the large difference

Inhibitory Effects of Chemical Compounds Isolated from the Rhizome of Smilax glabra on Nitric Oxide and Tumor Necrosis Factor- α Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW264.7 Cell.

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The rhizome of Smilax glabra has been used for a long time as both food and folk medicine in many countries. The present study focused on the active constituents from the rhizome of S. glabra, which possess potential anti-inflammatory activities. As a result, nine known compounds were isolated from

[Some characteristics of the biological action of D, L-1,4-dibromo-1,4-dideoxy-2,3-butanediol].

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In tests conducted on mice and rats with transplantable tumours the antineoplastic activity of the racemic agent D, L-1,4-dibromo-1, 4-didesoxy-2, 3-butandiol is shown. With chronic administration of the drug in subtherapeutic and therapeutic doses a higher leucocytes count was in evidence in the

Neuraminidase inhibitory activity by compounds isolated from aerial parts of Rhinacanthus nasutus.

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Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz (Acanthaceae) is known as traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, such as cancer, fungal infections, herpes virus infections and several types of skin diseases in South-East Asian countries. In this study, eight compounds 1-8 were isolated from the

The relationship between terminal functionalization and molecular weight of a gene delivery polymer and transfection efficacy in mammary epithelial 2-D cultures and 3-D organotypic cultures.

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Non-viral gene delivery vectors were developed for efficient gene transfer to hard-to-transfect mouse mammary epithelial cells. Ten modified versions of the same base poly(beta-amino ester), poly(1,4-butanediol diacrylate-co-5-amino-1-pentanol), were tested in both traditional 2-D monolayer and in

Synthesis and antitumor effect of new biological alkylating agents, isethionic acid esters.

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New hydrophilic alkylating agents, isethionic acid esters, are proposed for use as synthetic biological alkylating agents. Methyl, ethyl, and isopropyl esters of isethionic acid were synthesized starting from isethionate and the corresponding alkyl bromides or iodides in good yields. This synthetic

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